Lower Extremity Preference During Gross and Fine Motor Skills Performed in Sitting and Standing Postures

Beling, Janna; Wolfe, George A.; Allen, Kathryn; Boyle, Jeanine M.

doi:10.2519/jospt.1998.28.6.400

Cited by 42 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Leg preference was defined as the leg chosen to kick an imaginary ball. 39,40 This was repeated twice with both ASIA motor score summation from L2 to S1 c ASIA sensory score summation (pinprick or light tough) from L1 to S4-5 trials yielding the same results. 41 Data collection began with the participants standing steady for at least 5 s prior to applying the auditory cue.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…[40][41][42] Following neurological injury, leg sensitivity is quite considerable and leg preference is therefore very important for clinical rehabilitation purposes. 40 Therefore, in Groups 1 and 2, both the preferred leg and the nonpreferred leg were selected separately as the first swing leg, since the SCI pathology might be functional asymmetrically implicated in both legs, 41,42 and thus interfere with the entire gait initiation process. Only the preferred leg was used as the first swing leg in Group 3 given that unimpaired control adults initiate gait symmetrically, no matter which leg starts first.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only the preferred leg was used as the first swing leg in Group 3 given that unimpaired control adults initiate gait symmetrically, no matter which leg starts first. 9,32,40,42,43 The Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA by ranks test (K-W ANOVA) was carried out to compare the differences among the three groups with regard to TGIP, phase duration, and the first step length. A critical a-level of Po0.05 was used throughout the study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal differences in relative phasing of gait initiation and first step length in patients with cervical and lumbosacral spinal cord injuries

Chang¹,

Chuang²,

Lee

et al. 2004

Spinal Cord

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Study design: Comparison group design.Objective: To compare the temporal distance factors during gait initiation between patients with incomplete cervical spinal cord injury, incomplete lumbosacral spinal lesion, and unimpaired control adults. Setting: Human performance and movement analysis laboratory, Taiwan. Participants: Five patients with an incomplete cervical spinal cord injury (Group 1), five patients with an incomplete lumbosacral spinal lesion (Group 2) and nine unimpaired control adults (Group 3). Methods: Subjects underwent a three-dimensional gait analysis. The total gait initiation period, reaction time, each relative phasing of gait initiation and the length of the first step were identified by using the kinematic measurement system. Main outcome measures: The total gait initiation period (start of the auditory cue for gait initiation to heel-strike of the first swing leg); each relative phasing of gait initiation indicated that the duration of the preparatory phase (start of auditory cue for gait initiation to heel-off of the first swing leg), the duration of the push-up phase (heel-off to toe-off of the first swing leg), and the duration of the single-stance phase (toe-off to heel-strike of the first swing leg) established by the total gait initiation period; and the length of the first step. Results: The gait initiation period was greater in Groups 1 and 2 than that of Group 3 (Po0.05). Each relative phasing including the duration of the preparatory phase, the push-up phase, and the swing phase relative to the total gait initiation period, did not differ among Groups 1-3 (P40.05). The length of the first step, measured while the nonpreferred leg stepped first in Groups 1 and 2, was shorter than that of Group 3 (Po0.05). Conclusions: Patients with incomplete cervical spinal cord injuries or lumbosacral spinal lesions took more time in gait initiation than unimpaired control adults. The first step length also reduced in these patients while the nonpreferred leg stepped first, as compared to unimpaired control adults. The data indicated that centrally programmed gait initiation might be preserved in ASIA-D spinal patients who, in this study, executed gait initiation with varying temporal distance strategies to compensate for peripheral impairments, as compared to unimpaired control adults.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Temporal differences in relative phasing of gait initiation and first step length in patients with cervical and lumbosacral spinal cord injuries

Chang¹,

Chuang²,

Lee

et al. 2004

Spinal Cord

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show abstract

“…; only 1.5% to 6% of right-handers prefer to do these activities with their left foot. Beling et al [1], in their study on women aged 21-25 years, analysed the lower limb preference in two positions, sitting and standing, during activities requiring leading moves (wide and extensive) and during skilled activities (subtle and delicate). The tasks in both positions were the same, i.e., kicking a ball, lifting one's leg over a box, picking up a marble with one's toes, and drawing a triangle with one's hallux.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower limb laterality versus foot structure in men and women

Ilnicka¹,

Trzaskoma²,

Wiszomirska³

et al. 2013

Biomedical Human Kinetics

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Study aim: The aim of the study was to determine connections between the functional asymmetry of limbs and the morphological asymmetry of feet. Material and methods:The study population consisted of 56 students: 30 females (mean age 20.29 ± 0.59 years) and 26 males (mean age 20.41 ± 0.78 years). The measurements of body build were taken with classical instruments. Body build was assessed on the basis of body height, body mass, and BMI. Seven features of the foot and 8 indices of foot arches were assessed. Assessment of laterality in upper and lower limbs was conducted on the basis of data from repeated interviews, and then verified with simple motor tests that imitated characteristic functions of the limbs. Asymmetry indices were calculated in order to determine asymmetries of the features. Mollison's index was applied to assess dimorphic differences. Results: Features that were statistically different in the foot of the dominant limb and in the foot of the non-dominant limb were: among the group of females, the foot length without hindfoot, and the Clarke's angle; among the group of males -the foot length without toes. Analyses of results of this study do not allow for a claim that laterality of lower extremities has a considerable impact on indices of longitudinal and transverse foot arches. Conclusions:The following conclusions were formulated on the basis of the conducted analysis regarding the group of subjects with homogeneous right laterality: -in females, the dominant limb's foot is characterized by a shorter bone arm lever for dorsiflexors; -in males, the dominant limb's foot is characterized by a shorter bone arm lever for plantaflexors.

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“…According to the neural plasticity concept the muscle use may induce changes in cortical representations of the dominant limb muscles. This makes both left-handed subjects and persons with crossed laterality patterns more complicated in motor functions (Beling, 1998;Olex-Zarychta & Raczek, 2008). Longer duration and longer latency in dominant extremities may indicate the longer central pathway of the reflex in the spinal cord (Rothwell, 1986).…”

Section: Handedness Footedness and Neural Asymmetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Paresthesias as Reflection of the Lateral Asymmetry of Neural Function in Human

Olex-Zarychta¹

2012

Paresthesia

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Lower Extremity Preference During Gross and Fine Motor Skills Performed in Sitting and Standing Postures

Cited by 42 publications

References 8 publications

Temporal differences in relative phasing of gait initiation and first step length in patients with cervical and lumbosacral spinal cord injuries

Temporal differences in relative phasing of gait initiation and first step length in patients with cervical and lumbosacral spinal cord injuries

Lower limb laterality versus foot structure in men and women

Paresthesias as Reflection of the Lateral Asymmetry of Neural Function in Human

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