Lower limb flexion posture relates to energy absorption during drop landings with soldier-relevant body borne loads

Brown, Tyler; O’Donovan, Meghan P.; Hasselquist, Leif; Corner, Brian D.; Schiffman, Jeffrey M.

doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2015.06.004

Cited by 26 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Therefore, dynamic knee valgus during landings may be one of the biomechanical factors that reduce an individual’s capacity to attenuate the impact imposed on the knee joint during landings. Some researchers have reported that the knee and hip joints are the primary shock absorber during landings [12,17,18]. In addition, it has been shown in females that the hip extensor, knee extensor, and ankle plantar flexor muscles contribute 38, 41, and 22% of the total energy absorption, respectively [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, it has been shown in females that the hip extensor, knee extensor, and ankle plantar flexor muscles contribute 38, 41, and 22% of the total energy absorption, respectively [19]. Some of these reports have indicated that the knee joint is the most important impact absorber of the lower extremities [12,17,20]. The results of the present study show that the hip angular impulse in dynamic knee valgus is smaller than that in dynamic knee varus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamic knee valgus alignment influences impact attenuation in the lower extremity during the deceleration phase of a single-leg landing

et al. 2017

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Dynamic knee valgus during landings is associated with an increased risk of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. In addition, the impact on the body during landings must be attenuated in the lower extremity joints. The purpose of this study was to investigate landing biomechanics during landing with dynamic knee valgus by measuring the vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) and angular impulses in the lower extremity during a single-leg landing. The study included 34 female college students, who performed the single-leg drop vertical jump. Lower extremity kinetic and kinematic data were obtained from a 3D motion analysis system. Participants were divided into valgus (N = 19) and varus (N = 15) groups according to the knee angular displacement during landings. The vGRF and angular impulses of the hip, knee, and ankle were calculated by integrating the vGRF-time curve and each joint’s moment-time curve. vGRF impulses did not differ between two groups. Hip angular impulse in the valgus group was significantly smaller than that in the varus group (0.019 ± 0.033 vs. 0.067 ± 0.029 Nms/kgm, p<0.01), whereas knee angular impulse was significantly greater (0.093 ± 0.032 vs. 0.045 ± 0.040 Nms/kgm, p<0.01). There was no difference in ankle angular impulse between the groups. Our results indicate that dynamic knee valgus increases the impact the knee joint needs to attenuate during landing; conversely, the knee varus participants were able to absorb more of the landing impact with the hip joint.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic knee valgus alignment influences impact attenuation in the lower extremity during the deceleration phase of a single-leg landing

et al. 2017

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“…This landing pattern is often closely associated with the occurrence of lower extremity injuries. 22,23 Reductions in the range of joint motion in the dominant and non-dominant legs might correlate with asymmetries in the lower extremity muscle strength on either side of the body. 24 Particularly, muscle strength is typically higher in the dominant than in the non-dominant leg.…”

Section: Joint Kinematicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymmetry between the dominant and non-dominant legs in the lower limb biomechanics during single-leg landings in females

Wang

2019

Advances in Mechanical Engineering

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This study aims to determine the effects of asymmetry on kinematics, kinetics, and changes in the center of pressure of the dominant and non-dominant legs during single-leg landings in female athletes. Fifteen healthy female collegiate soccer players performed dominant and non-dominant single-leg landings from a height of 40 cm. The three-dimensional kinematics and kinetics of the lower extremities were collected simultaneously with a 16-camera motion capture system and one force platform, respectively. Moreover, joint angle, joint range of motion, ground reaction force, joint moment, center-of-pressure, and absolute symmetry index (ASI%) were analyzed. Results corroborated that the range of motion in the knee and hip joints were significantly lower in the non-dominant than in the dominant leg. Meanwhile, the nondominant leg exhibited higher medial-lateral center-of-pressure displacement than did the dominant leg. In addition, the ASI% for the peak ground reaction force and the loading rate exceeded 10% (peak ground reaction force: 11.31%, loading rate: 19.28%), which indicated asymmetry between the two legs during the single-leg landing impact. The findings also imply that for the female soccer players, the risk of injury (e.g. anterior cruciate ligament injury) can be higher in the non-dominant than in the dominant leg during unilateral dynamic movements.

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“…Dynamic valgus, described as excessive hip adduction, knee abduction, and ankle eversion joint motions and loads [8,9], may be potentially hazardous for military personnel because of the heavy body borne load they are required to don during training activities. These heavy body borne loads, which routinely range from 20 kg to 45 kg during training-related activities [10], reportedly alter a soldier’s hip and knee biomechanics [11–13], increasing their risk of suffering a musculoskeletal injury [14]—particularly at the knee.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex and limb impact biomechanics associated with risk of injury during drop landing with body borne load

et al. 2019

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Increasing lower limb flexion may reduce risk of musculoskeletal injury for military personnel during landing. This study compared lower limb biomechanics between sexes and limbs when using normal and greater lower limb flexion to land with body borne load. Thirty-three participants (21 male, 12 female, age: 21.6±2.5 years, height: 1.7±0.1 m, weight: 74.5±9.0 kg) performed normal and flexed lower limb landings with four body borne loads: 20, 25, 30 and 35 kg. Hip and knee biomechanics, peak vertical ground reaction force (GRF), and the magnitude and direction of the GRF vector in frontal plane were submitted to two separate repeated measures ANOVAs to test the main and interaction effects of sex, load, and landing, as well as limb, load, and landing. Participants increased GRFs (between 5 and 10%) and hip and knee flexion moments when landing with body borne load, but decreased vertical GRF 19% and hip adduction and knee abduction joint range of motion and moments during the flexed landings. Both females and the non-dominant limb presented greater risk of musculoskeletal injury during landing. Females exhibited larger GRFs, increased hip adduction range of motion, and greater knee abduction moments compared to males. Whereas, the non-dominant limb increased knee abduction moments and exhibited a more laterally-directed frontal plane GRF vector compared to the dominant limb during the loaded landings. Yet, increasing lower limb flexion during landing does not appear to produce similar reductions in lower limb biomechanics related to injury risk for both females and the non-dominant limb during landing.

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Lower limb flexion posture relates to energy absorption during drop landings with soldier-relevant body borne loads

Cited by 26 publications

References 38 publications

Dynamic knee valgus alignment influences impact attenuation in the lower extremity during the deceleration phase of a single-leg landing

Dynamic knee valgus alignment influences impact attenuation in the lower extremity during the deceleration phase of a single-leg landing

Asymmetry between the dominant and non-dominant legs in the lower limb biomechanics during single-leg landings in females

Sex and limb impact biomechanics associated with risk of injury during drop landing with body borne load

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