Lower Prefrontal and Hippocampal Volume and Diffusion Tensor Imaging Differences Reflect Structural and Functional Abnormalities in Abstinent Individuals with Alcohol Use Disorder

Pandey, Ashwini K.; Ardekani, Babak A.; Kamarajan, Chella; Zhang, Jian; Chorlian, David B.; Byrne, Kelly N.; Pandey, Gayathri; Meyers, Jacquelyn L.; Kinreich, Sivan; Stimus, Arthur T.; Porjesz, Bernice

doi:10.1111/acer.13854

Cited by 39 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 99 publications

(122 reference statements)

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“…Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a chronic, addictive, and relapsing disorder [1,2]. Individuals with chronic AUD manifest a variety of neurocognitive impairments [3], which may underlie both structural and functional features of the brain [4][5][6], and some of these impairments do not recover even after prolonged abstinence from drinking [7,8]. Recent studies have proposed the potential utility of resting state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) connectivity as one of the neuroimaging biomarker for the quantitative clinical evaluation of AUD [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Random Forest Classification of Alcohol Use Disorder Using fMRI Functional Connectivity, Neuropsychological Functioning, and Impulsivity Measures

et al. 2020

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Individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) are known to manifest a variety of neurocognitive impairments that can be attributed to alterations in specific brain networks. The current study aims to identify specific features of brain connectivity, neuropsychological performance, and impulsivity traits that can classify adult males with AUD (n = 30) from healthy controls (CTL, n = 30) using the Random Forest (RF) classification method. The predictor variables were: (i) fMRI-based within-network functional connectivity (FC) of the Default Mode Network (DMN), (ii) neuropsychological scores from the Tower of London Test (TOLT), and the Visual Span Test (VST), and (iii) impulsivity factors from the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS). The RF model, with a classification accuracy of 76.67%, identified fourteen DMN connections, two neuropsychological variables (memory span and total correct scores of the forward condition of the VST), and all impulsivity factors as significantly important for classifying participants into either the AUD or CTL group. Specifically, the AUD group manifested hyperconnectivity across the bilateral anterior cingulate cortex and the prefrontal cortex as well as between the bilateral posterior cingulate cortex and the left inferior parietal lobule, while showing hypoconnectivity in long-range anterior–posterior and interhemispheric long-range connections. Individuals with AUD also showed poorer memory performance and increased impulsivity compared to CTL individuals. Furthermore, there were significant associations among FC, impulsivity, neuropsychological performance, and AUD status. These results confirm the previous findings that alterations in specific brain networks coupled with poor neuropsychological functioning and heightened impulsivity may characterize individuals with AUD, who can be efficiently identified using classification algorithms such as Random Forest.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Random Forest Classification of Alcohol Use Disorder Using fMRI Functional Connectivity, Neuropsychological Functioning, and Impulsivity Measures

et al. 2020

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“…Therefore, this finding of hyperconnected hippocampal hub may suggest either a noisy communication across hippocampal sub-networks or an upregulated connectivity pattern representing overcompensation for the existing neural damage and memory impairments due to chronic drinking. In our earlier study using structural MRI, Pandey et al [16] reported smaller volume in several regions, including bilateral hippocampi, in AUD individuals compared to controls. Therefore, it is possible that damage to hippocampal connectivity to other regions of higher cortical functions (PFC, ACC, and LTC) may underlie cognitive impairments including memory deficits and blackouts that are common in chronic AUD patients [123][124][125][126].…”

Section: Parahippocampal Hyperconnectivity In Audmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Therefore, it is possible that damage to hippocampal connectivity to other regions of higher cortical functions (PFC, ACC, and LTC) may underlie cognitive impairments including memory deficits and blackouts that are common in chronic AUD patients [123][124][125][126]. Interestingly, using the same sample AUD subjects, we reported reduced bilateral hippocampal volume which was also associated poor visual memory performance [16]. The finding that partly supports the current findings is from the only available eLORETA based FC study on AUD [59], where the authors reported theta band hyperconnectivity in hippocampal sub-networks among the dense connections in a small sample of craving, drug-resistant, relapsed AUD individuals (N = 11).…”

Section: Parahippocampal Hyperconnectivity In Audmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…While studies have shown that AUD individuals manifest impairments in multiple domains [63,64,[150][151][152][153] and some of these deficits can persist even after prolonged abstinence [11], it was surprising to find that AUD individuals did not manifest significant deficits in TOLT, which measures executive functioning such as planning and problem solving [68]. Interestingly, in our previous study with the same groups of subjects, we reported that that lower volumes in prefrontal cortex and left hippocampus observed in AUD group were associated with poorer visuospatial memory performance [16]. Furthermore, the hyperconnectivity across parahippocampal hub in the current study as well as in our fMRI FC study with the same sample of individuals [54] may also be related to the deficits in visual memory in AUD subjects, possibly representing a compensatory mechanism during the memory performance.…”

Section: Poor Neuropsychological Performance In Audmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The demographic and clinical characteristics of the sample are presented in Table 1, and a detailed sample description is available in Pandey et al [16] and Kamarajan et al [54]. Briefly, the sample comprised thirty male participants with AUD [mean age (standard deviation, SD) = 41.42 (7.31) years] and thirty unaffected male controls [mean age (SD) = 27.44 (4.74) years].…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Random Forest Classification of Alcohol Use Disorder Using EEG Source Functional Connectivity, Neuropsychological Functioning, and Impulsivity Measures

Kamarajan

Ardekani

Pandey

et al. 2020

Behavioral Sciences

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Individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) manifest a variety of impairments that can be attributed to alterations in specific brain networks. The current study aims to identify features of EEG-based functional connectivity, neuropsychological performance, and impulsivity that can classify individuals with AUD (N = 30) from unaffected controls (CTL, N = 30) using random forest classification. The features included were: (i) EEG source functional connectivity (FC) of the default mode network (DMN) derived using eLORETA algorithm, (ii) neuropsychological scores from the Tower of London test (TOLT) and the visual span test (VST), and (iii) impulsivity factors from the Barratt impulsiveness scale (BIS). The random forest model achieved a classification accuracy of 80% and identified 29 FC connections (among 66 connections per frequency band), 3 neuropsychological variables from VST (total number of correctly performed trials in forward and backward sequences and average time for correct trials in forward sequence) and all four impulsivity scores (motor, non-planning, attentional, and total) as significantly contributing to classifying individuals as either AUD or CTL. Although there was a significant age difference between the groups, most of the top variables that contributed to the classification were not significantly correlated with age. The AUD group showed a predominant pattern of hyperconnectivity among 25 of 29 significant connections, indicating aberrant network functioning during resting state suggestive of neural hyperexcitability and impulsivity. Further, parahippocampal hyperconnectivity with other DMN regions was identified as a major hub region dysregulated in AUD (13 connections overall), possibly due to neural damage from chronic drinking, which may give rise to cognitive impairments, including memory deficits and blackouts. Furthermore, hypoconnectivity observed in four connections (prefrontal nodes connecting posterior right-hemispheric regions) may indicate a weaker or fractured prefrontal connectivity with other regions, which may be related to impaired higher cognitive functions. The AUD group also showed poorer memory performance on the VST task and increased impulsivity in all factors compared to controls. Features from all three domains had significant associations with one another. These results indicate that dysregulated neural connectivity across the DMN regions, especially relating to hyperconnected parahippocampal hub as well as hypoconnected prefrontal hub, may potentially

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Pathways to post‐traumatic stress disorder and alcohol dependence: Trauma, executive functioning, and family history of alcoholism in adolescents and young adults

Viteri

Pandey

et al. 2020

Brain and Behavior

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Lower Prefrontal and Hippocampal Volume and Diffusion Tensor Imaging Differences Reflect Structural and Functional Abnormalities in Abstinent Individuals with Alcohol Use Disorder

Cited by 39 publications

References 99 publications

Random Forest Classification of Alcohol Use Disorder Using fMRI Functional Connectivity, Neuropsychological Functioning, and Impulsivity Measures

Random Forest Classification of Alcohol Use Disorder Using fMRI Functional Connectivity, Neuropsychological Functioning, and Impulsivity Measures

Random Forest Classification of Alcohol Use Disorder Using EEG Source Functional Connectivity, Neuropsychological Functioning, and Impulsivity Measures

Pathways to post‐traumatic stress disorder and alcohol dependence: Trauma, executive functioning, and family history of alcoholism in adolescents and young adults

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