Lower Prevalence of Varicoceles in Obese Patients Found on Routine Scrotal Ultrasound

Walters, R. Chanc; Marguet, Charles G.; Crain, Donald S.

doi:10.1016/j.juro.2011.10.039

Cited by 23 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…However, a recent study showed that obese patients had a lower prevalence of varicocoele than normal weight men after detection by ultrasound or physical examination. Therefore, the authors concluded that the difference in prevalence was not because of difficulties with the physical examination caused by obesity (Chanc Walters et al, 2012). In summary, the inverse association between varicocoele and BMI is because of a decreased nutcracker effect in men with a higher BMI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…With regard to a possible explanation for the inverse association between varicocoele and BMI, many researchers suggested that increased amounts of adipose tissue may decrease compression of the left renal vein and provide a cushion, decreasing the nutcracker effect in men with a higher BMI (Handel et al, 2006;Nielsen et al, 2006;Tsao et al, 2009). Therefore, the authors concluded that the difference in prevalence was not because of difficulties with the physical examination caused by obesity (Chanc Walters et al, 2012). However, a recent study showed that obese patients had a lower prevalence of varicocoele than normal weight men after detection by ultrasound or physical examination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of varicocoele and its association with body mass index among 39,559 rural men in eastern China: a population‐based cross‐sectional study

et al. 2017

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Varicocoele is a common cause of male infertility. We undertook a population-based cross-sectional study to evaluate the prevalence of varicocoele among rural men in eastern China and its association with body mass index. A total of 39,559 rural men in six counties in Beijing, Guangdong and Shandong provinces were recruited from 2011 to 2012. The presence and severity of varicocoele were measured by physical examinations. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were constructed to assess the association between varicocoele and body mass index after adjusting for possible confounders. Varicocoele was diagnosed in 1911 of 39,559 participants with an overall prevalence of 4.83%. The prevalence of varicocoele was highest in underweight (6.29%) and lowest in obese patients (3.71%, p < 0.05). The prevalence also decreased as body mass index increased in all three varicocoele grades. In multivariate logistic regression analysis after adjusting for region, age, height, occupation, cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption, body mass index was still inversely and independently associated with varicocoele (p < 0.001). Compared with normal weight men, underweight men (OR = 1.34; 95% CI, 1.10-1.63) were more likely to have varicocoele, whereas overweight men (OR = 0.88; 95% CI, 0.79-0.99) and obese men (OR = 0.75; 95% CI, 0.58-0.97) were less likely to have varicocoele. This study revealed that the prevalence of varicocoele was 4.83% among rural men in eastern China; body mass index was inversely and independently associated with the presence of varicocoele. Future efforts should be made to validate the risk factors for varicocoele and strengthen the prevention and treatment of varicocoele, especially in underweight men.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of varicocoele and its association with body mass index among 39,559 rural men in eastern China: a population‐based cross‐sectional study

et al. 2017

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“…Another explanation of the association is the reduced detection rate of varicocele in men with excess bodyweight because of the difficult palpation in general physical examination for the existence of adipose tissue in the groin and scrotum (Coolsaet, 1980;Handel et al, 2006). While a research conducted by Chanc Walters et al (2012) suggested that men with excess bodyweight had a lower incidence of varicocele than men with normal weight after detection by physical examination or ultrasound, they came to the conclusion that the diversity in prevalence was not because of the presence of difficulties in the physical examination for a higher BMI. In general, the correlation between varicocele and BMI is due to a reduced nut- (Das, Prasad, Szmigielski, & Noorani, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After these analyses, six studies were removed and there were 13 articles containing seven case-control studies (Chanc Walters, Marguet, & Crain, 2012;Chen & Huang, 2010;Gorur et al, 2015;Handel, Shetty, & Sigman, 2006;Kılıç et al, 2007;Liu et al, 2015;Shafi & Agajani, 2015) and six observational crosssectional studies (Gokce, Demirtas, Ozturk, Sahin, & Ekmekcioglu, 2013;Liu et al, 2017;Rais et al, 2013;Söylemez, Atar, Sancaktutar, Bozkurt, & Penbegül, 2011;Tsao et al, 2009;Yigitler, Yanardag, Silit, & Alpay, 2012) remained. Among these relevant investigations, 144 different articles were obtained without duplication.…”

Section: Eligible Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower body mass index and higher height are correlated with increased varicocele risk

Song

Liang

et al. 2019

Andrologia

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To evaluate the anthropometric indexes in subjects with varicocele compared to controls and the incidence of varicocele in different body mass index (BMI) groups for the purpose of exploring the association between varicocele and anthropometric indexes. A comprehensive literature search was conducted by using PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE databases and Cochrane Library up to February 2019. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted by STATA, and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was utilised for assessing risk of bias. Ultimately, 13 articles containing seven case-control studies and six cross-sectional studies with 1,385,630 subjects were involved in our study.Pooled results demonstrated that varicocele patients had a lower BMI (WMD = −0.77, 95% CI = −1.03 to −0.51) and a higher height than nonvaricocele participants, espe-How to cite this article:

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“…A recent study showed that microsurgical varicocele ligation resulted in a significant increase in serum testosterone levels in more than two-thirds of men (14). In addition, some studies have shown that BMI has a protective effect for the development of varicocele (33,34). However, there seems to be an inverse relation between BMI and serum levels of testosterone, and varicocele could be involved in this relationship.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

1235 Impact of Body Mass Index, Age and Varicocele on Reproductive Hormone Profile in Elderly Men

Yamaçake¹,

Cocuzza²,

Torriceli³

et al. 2013

Journal of Urology

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ARTICLE InfO ______________________________________________________________ ______________________Objectives: To study the impact of obesity, age and varicocele on sexual hormones fof adult and elderly men. Materials and Methods: 875 men who were screened for prostate cancer were enrolled in this study. Data recorded comprised age, body mass index (BMI), serum levels of total testosterone (TT), free testosterone (FT), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicular stimulating hormone (FSH). Patients were divided in groups according to their BMI in underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese grades 1, 2 or 3. First, it was studied the association between age, BMI, and hormone profile. Then, clinical varicocele was evaluated in 298 patients to assess its correlation to the others parameters. Results: Obese patients had lower levels of TT, FT and SHBG (p<0.001) compared to underweight or normal weight patients. There were no differences in age (p=0.113), FSH serum levels (p=0.863) and LH serum levels (p=0.218) between obese and non-obese patients. Obese grade 3 had lower levels of TT and FT compared to obese grade 1 and 2 (p<0.05). There was no difference in the SHBG levels (p=0.120) among obese patients. There was no association between varicocele and BMI; and varicocele did not impact on testosterone or SHBG levels. Conclusions: Men with higher BMI have a lower serum level of TT, FT and SHBG. The presence of clinical varicocele as well as its grade has no impact on hormone profile in elderly men.

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Lower Prevalence of Varicoceles in Obese Patients Found on Routine Scrotal Ultrasound

Abstract: Obese patients have a lower prevalence of varicoceles detected by ultrasound. The lower prevalence is independent of physical examination and more likely due to another factor.

Cited by 23 publications

References 12 publications

Prevalence of varicocoele and its association with body mass index among 39,559 rural men in eastern China: a population‐based cross‐sectional study

Prevalence of varicocoele and its association with body mass index among 39,559 rural men in eastern China: a population‐based cross‐sectional study

Lower body mass index and higher height are correlated with increased varicocele risk

1235 Impact of Body Mass Index, Age and Varicocele on Reproductive Hormone Profile in Elderly Men

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