Lower risk of multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) with the omicron variant

López, Laura; Burgner, David; Glover, Catherine; Carr, Jeremy; Clark, Julia; Boast, Alison; Vasilunas, Nan; McMullan, Brendan; Francis, Joshua; Bowen, Asha C; Blyth, Christopher; Macartney, Kristine; Crawford, Nigel; Carey, Emma; Wood, Nicholas; Britton, Philip N

doi:10.1016/j.lanwpc.2022.100604

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Data on MIS-C rate risk accordingly to different SARS-CoV-2 variants is scarce and heterogeneous from one country to the other with little surveillance and reliable data during the first pandemic year (as most countries performed low testing rates in children). However, reduction of risk associated with omicron circulation has consistently been described in other countries (UK, Germany, Denmark, Spain and Australia) ( 15 – 19 ) like in Luxembourg giving promising perspectives for the near future as with increased population immunity (natural and vaccination immunity) and current circulating VOC we can expect MIS-C incidence to remain low. A few recent studies have indeed shown that vaccination against COVID-19 was associated with a high level of protection against MIS-C ( 18 , 20 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic in Luxembourg

et al. 2023

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ObjectiveEstimate the incidence of multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) in children (0–15 years), the role of SARS-CoV-2 variants during the first two years of COVID-19 pandemic in Luxembourg; and describe the demographic, biological and clinical characteristics of the patients.MethodObservational retrospective cohort study. Cases between March 2020 and February 2022 were ascertained from the national registry of MIS-C cases by a retrospective review of medical records. Reported SARS-CoV-2 infections were obtained from the national COVID-19 surveillance system. We calculated monthly MIS-C incidence, the ratio between MIS-C and SARS-CoV-2 infections and associated rate ratios by the periods corresponding to the circulation of different variants.Results18 children were diagnosed with MIS-C among 35,200 reported infections. The incidence rate of MIS-C was 7.2 [95% confidence interval (CI) 4.5–11.4] per 1,000,000 person-months. A higher incidence of MIS-C was observed between September and December 2021, corresponding to the circulation of the Delta variant than during the first year of the pandemic (RR 3.6, 95% CI, 1.1–12.3). The lowest rate of MIS-C per infection was observed during the Omicron (RR 0.17, 95% CI, 0.03–0.82). Median age at diagnosis was 6.5 years. Previously healthy children made up 88% of MIS-C cases, none were vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. 33% required intensive care. All patients recovered fully.ConclusionsMIS-C incidence and MIS-C risk per infection changed significantly over time during the first two years of COVID-19 pandemic. Monitoring of MIS-C incidence in future SARS-CoV-2 waves will be essential to guide public health interventions and vaccination policies for children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic in Luxembourg

et al. 2023

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“…Changes in the prevalent variant throughout the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic have influenced the transmissibility and incidence of disease, but their association with clinical presentation and outcomes of MIS-C is incompletely known. 1 , 2 …”

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confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 Variants and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children

et al. 2023

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“…The Omicron wave is described as less severe in adults and with a lower incidence of MIS-C, which was reported worldwide. The Omicron waves showed that the pediatric population that was not fully vaccinated still decreased the incidence of MIS-C [18][19][20][21][22]. The impact of vaccination appears to influence not only the variant, but also the age at which MIS-C occurs, showing an epidemiological change with age shifting to younger children (< 5 years) who are not vaccinated [23,24].…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C)

Rojas¹

2023

Post COVID-19 - Effects on Human Health

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The burden of disease caused by the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus is focused on adults. In children, this infection manifests as a mild and even asymptomatic acute respiratory illness. Reports in April 2020 described a multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) occurring 2 to 6 weeks after SARS-CoV-2 wave peak. Clinical manifestations included fever, gastrointestinal symptoms, Kawasaki Disease criteria, hypercoagulability, and laboratory parameters within severe inflammatory range. There is no certainty of the pathophysiology of this syndrome. It is thought to be driven by a post-viral dysregulated immune response. The disease can be life threatening, frequently presented as rapid-onset severe organ failure and need for pediatric critical care support. Cardiovascular dysfunction and coronary involvement are the most serious complications. The clinical and laboratory features of MIS-C indicate that the inflammation is exceptionally high; thus, empirical immunomodulation is the current therapy, leading to good clinical results. Once vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 began, a drop in the incidence of MIS-C happened. In the post-COVID era, permanent vaccination of the population in countries that are already vaccinated is necessary to keep MIS-C incidence rates low. While SARS-CoV-2 is circulating in the world, MIS-C will remain as a differential diagnosis in the evaluation of sick children.

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Lower risk of multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) with the omicron variant

Cited by 27 publications

References 8 publications

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic in Luxembourg

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic in Luxembourg

SARS-CoV-2 Variants and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C)

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