Lowering of serum cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic humans by tocotrienols (palmvitee)

Abstract

A double-blind, crossover, 8-wk study was conducted to compare effects of the tocotrienol-enriched fraction of palm oil (200 mg palmvitee capsules/day) with those of 300 mg corn oil/d on serum lipids of hypercholesterolemic human subjects (serum cholesterol 6.21-8.02 mmol/L). Concentrations of serum total cholesterol (-15%), LDL cholesterol (-8%), Apo B (-10%), thromboxane (-25%), platelet factor 4 (-16%), and glucose (-12%) decreased significantly only in the 15 subjects given palmvitee during the initial 4 wk. The crossover confirmed these actions of palmvitee. There was a carry over effect of palmvitee. Serum cholesterol concentrations of seven hypercholesterolemic subjects (greater than 7.84 mmol/L) decreased 31% during a 4-wk period in which they were given 200 mg gamma-tocotrienol/d. This indicates that gamma-tocotrienol may be the most potent cholesterol inhibitor in palmvitee capsules. The results of this pilot study are very encouraging.

Efecto del suplemento de aceites vegetales sobre el perfil lipídico en ratas wistar.

“…Los resultados son contrarios a los estudios que mencionan que una dieta con suplemento de tocoferoles y tocotrienoles reduce el colesterol total (3)(4)(5). Sin embargo, el efecto probablemente se relaciona con el tiempo de exposición al suplemento y al contenido administrado de lípidos; se sugiere desarrollar ensayos con mayor tiempo de exposición al suplemento y aumentar el porcentaje de grasa que se administra.…”

“…El α-tocoferol es la forma biológica más potente (100%); le siguen el β-tocoferol y, luego, el γ y δ tocoferol; de los tocotrienoles, la forma activa es el α-tocotrienol que proporciona estabilidad contra la oxidación (3) y en animales es un antioxidante y agente hipolipémico reductor del colesterol total más potente que los tocoferoles (4). Algunas de las funciones de los tocotrienoles son: inhibir la 3-hidroximetil-3-metilglutaril-coenzima A (HMGCoA) reductasa, reducir el colesterol total circulante, disminuir las concentraciones de colesterol LDL, promover la formación de prostaciclinas (antitrombóticas) e inhibir los tromboxanos (protrombóticos) al prevenir la agregación plaquetaria y reducción de la formación de trombos (5).…”

Traditional oil palm (Elaeis guineensis jacq.) and its medicinal uses: A review

“…Alpha toco pherols and gamma tocotrienols have anti-oxidative effects on lipid peroxidation, in the presence of a xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme that induces lipid peroxidation (Zuzana et al, 2005). The vitamin E, particularly the tocotrienol present in palm oil can suppress the synthesis of cholesterol in the liver (Mcintosh et al, 1991;Qureshi et al, 1991;Qureshi et al, 1980). Some scientists in South Africa have been able to establish that oxidative stress plays a role in inflammatory and chronic disease such as HIV/AIDS and TB and contribute significantly to depletion of immune factors, micronutrients and progression of disease and that red palm oil could potentially retard the process because of rich anti-oxidants (Oguntibeju et al, 2009).…”

“…Peer review journals have documented palm tocotrienol complex's promising hypocholesterolemic properties (Qureshi et al, 1991(Qureshi et al, , 1995. Also, the daily consumption of tocotrienolsenriched fraction of palm oil (200 mg palmvitee capsule) can result in a significant reduction of serum cholesterol, Low Density Lipoprotein cholesterol, APOB, thromboxane, platelet factor 4 and glucose of hyper cholesterolemic subjects within four weeks of administration (Qureshi et al, 1991;Packer, 1992;Song and DeBose-Boyd, 2006).…”

“…Also, the daily consumption of tocotrienolsenriched fraction of palm oil (200 mg palmvitee capsule) can result in a significant reduction of serum cholesterol, Low Density Lipoprotein cholesterol, APOB, thromboxane, platelet factor 4 and glucose of hyper cholesterolemic subjects within four weeks of administration (Qureshi et al, 1991;Packer, 1992;Song and DeBose-Boyd, 2006). A number of human feeding studies reported that palm oil diets showed a reduction of blood cholesterol values ranging from 7 to 38% (Mattson and Grundy, 1985;Bonanome and Grundy, 1988).…”