Lowering the boiling point curve of biodiesel by cross‐metathesis

Abstract

One of the challenges of today's biodiesel (FAME) is its unsuitable boiling curve behavior. A more or less continuously increasing curve is beneficial because it provides good fuel ignition and combustion in the cylinder of the engine. Here, we present the results of our investigation on the chemical modification of biodiesel with the use of a well-known catalytic reaction, olefin metathesis. Self-and cross-metathesis of biodiesel and 1-hexene were carried out. Ten different ruthenium-based metathesis catalysts were initially subjected to a screening. After selection of the most active catalyst, a series of reactions were prepared wherein the concentration of the biodiesel was held constant, while the amount of 1-hexene was varied. The samples were then analyzed by simulated distillation to determine their boiling curve range. Results revealed that as the hexene amount was increased, a more favorable distillation curve was observed since it generated a fairly good distribution of low to high molecular weight compounds, which in turn exhibited an almost steadily increasing distillation curve, more similar to that of a conventional diesel fuel.

Increased functionality of methyl oleate using alkene metathesis

“…The pyridinyl catalyst, C-4, was completely ineffective. The lower activity for bisphosphines is in agreement with the prior literature (Montenegro and Meier 2012). This is possibly an effect of low-level impurities in the starting materials, such as peroxides and free acid groups, which are capable of inactivating those catalysts.…”

“…The use of this catalyst in the biodiesel area was pioneered in 2006, where the catalyst was shown to be active (Holser, Doll, and Erhan 2006), and crossmetatheses have recently been shown to add functionality to methyl oleate (Behr and Gomes 2011) and to modify the distillation profile of biodiesel into something closer to that of petroleum diesel (Montenegro and Meier 2012).…”

Some Aspects of the Implementation of the Principle of Transparency in Russian Universities: Research, Experience, Perspectives

“…A new law "On education in Russian Federation" introduces a concept of monitoring as systematic standardized (Dubinsky, 2012(Dubinsky, , 2013Shevchenko, 2013Shevchenko, , 2014, one can emphasize the following basic ways of raising of website positions of educational organization, that a university can realize on its own:…”

Raffination von Pflanzenölen für die Chemie durch Olefinmetathese

“…B. Acrylaten, Acrylnitril oder Allylchlorid [20,21] ) sowie einfachen Olefinen wie Ethen. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] [27] Auch trägerfixierte, definierte Alkylidenspezies sind für diese Umsetzungen aktiv. [30] Pflanzençle enthalten in der Regel Fettsäuren unterschiedlicher Kettenlänge.…”