Lowering the fresh water footprint of cooling towers: A treatment-train for the reuse of discharged water consisting of constructed wetlands, nanofiltration, electrochemical oxidation and reverse osmosis

Wagner, Thomas V.; Saha, Pradip; Brüning, H.; Rijnaarts, H.H.M.

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.132667

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 56 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, they provided some options of water storage and habitat for the aesthetic improvement of the unit benefitting the local flora and fauna. Another study developed by the same research group [75] sought the reuse of water from a cooling tower of a system made of green and gray technologies. The treatment plant showed a configuration that included a SCW as a pre-treatment, followed by a system composed of VF + HFCW.…”

Section: Efficiency Of Cws In the Reuse Of Industrial Effluentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Use of Constructed Wetlands to Treat Effluents for Water Reuse

de Campos,

Soto

2024

Environments

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Constructed wetland systems (CWs) are technologies based on natural processes for pollutant removal and have been more and more accepted in the treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater. This study selected and reviewed articles published in the last six years involving the use of different CW conceptions and their association with other technologies to treat different effluents and evaluated the quality of the effluents for reuse. From a total of 81 articles reviewed, 41 presented quantitative data on the quality of the treated effluent in relation to the requirements of the reuse regulations in different countries of the world. CWs can be used to treat gray water and runoff water, as well as domestic and industrial effluents with the purpose of reusing them. While studies on the removal of new chemical and biological substances have increased, challenges are associated with the optimization of CWs to improve the removal of pathogens and new contaminants that have appeared more recently. The potential for the improved removal of those pollutants lies in the association of CWs with conventional and advanced technologies in new configurations. We concluded that studies related to the reuse of effluents using CWs are in constant evolution, with experiments at different scales. The perspectives are promising since CWs are an economic, environmentally friendly, and efficient technology to help in the mitigation of water scarcity problems imposed by climate changes.

show abstract

Section: Efficiency Of Cws In the Reuse Of Industrial Effluentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pre-treatment using hybrid CWs before the nanofiltration resulted in the removal of phosphate, nitrate, and benzotriazole, but increased TOC and electrical conductivity was also observed. Thus, for the water reuse in cooling towers, the use of reverse osmosis was required [75].…”

Section: Efficiency Of Cws In the Reuse Of Industrial Effluentsmentioning

confidence: 99%