LPA and S1P Increase Corneal Epithelial and Endothelial Cell Transcellular Resistance

Abstract

LPA increases transcellular resistance across cultured rabbit corneal epithelial and endothelial cell monolayers, and the effect is mediated through the LPA(1) receptor and signaled through Galpha(i/o). S1P-stimulated increases in endothelial resistance are also signaled through Galpha(i/o). Both LPA and S1P prevented increased transcellular permeabilities induced by PMA, and increased actin stress fiber formation in epithelial and endothelial cells.

Doxycycline Hyclate Protects Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Endothelial Barrier Dysfunction by Inhibiting the Activation of p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase

“…Incorrect distribution of F-actin and the formation of stress fibers are essential for the stimulus-induced alteration of endothelial cell shape, resulting in the disturbance of intercellular junctions and disruption of endothelial integrity. 26,27) DOX-h has been used safely and efficaciously in the clinical setting for decades. Previous studies have shown that DOX-h can inhibit RgpB-induced periodontitis and hyperpermeability in the vascular system of the retina due to VEGF-induced changes.…”

Lysophosphatidic Acid Enhances Pulmonary Epithelial Barrier Integrity and Protects Endotoxin-induced Epithelial Barrier Disruption and Lung Injury

“…Other related studies also support the effect of LPA on barrier enhancement. The LPA acyltransferase inhibitor lysofylline attenuated LPA degradation and protected lung leak in vivo (59), and LPA enhanced barrier function in corneal endothelial cells (60). Furthermore, a recent study from Fan et al (44) showed that the administration of LPA has an anti-inflammatory effect in murine models of pulmonary inflammatory disease.…”

Platelet Regulation of Angiogenesis, Tumor Growth and Metastasis

“…The vascular permeability may also be regulated by the signalling molecules sphingosine-1 phosphate (S1P) and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), which are stored in platelet -granules. Both S1P and LPA are capable of regulating the vascular integrity, S1P as an inhibitor of vascular leakage and LPA as a stabilizer for certain endothelial cell types (Sarker et al;2010Schaphorst et al, 2003Yin and Watsky, 2005). Finally, platelets are suggested to support rolling and tethering of tumor cells on the vessel wall.…”