LsGRP1, a class II glycine‐rich protein of Lilium, confers plant resistance via mediating innate immune activation and inducing fungal programmed cell death

Abstract

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Recent Progress in Enhancing Fungal Disease Resistance in Ornamental Plants

“…Additionally, overexpression of the LsGRP1 gene encoding a class II glycine-rich protein from Lilium , conferred resistance to B. cinerea in Arabidopsis . The authors determined that LsGRP1 plays a role as a pathogen-inducible switch to allow for activation of the immune response in the plant and to consequently induce fungal apoptosis [ 121 ]. Several candidate genes conferring resistance to fungal pathogens have been identified in lilies.…”

Lilium Gray Mold Suppression Conferred by the Host Antimicrobial Protein LsGRP1 Involves Main Pathogen-Targeted Manipulation of the Nonantimicrobial Region LsGRP1N

“…elliptica is the prime culprit as a result of its significantly stronger aggression toward Lilium. − B. elliptica secretion-triggered Lilium PCD is indispensable for infection, and in turn, host antinecrosis against fungal secretion is positively correlated with gray mold resistance of Lilium. , LsGRP1 (GenBank AAL61539.1) is a class II glycine-rich protein (GRP) of the gray-mold-resistant Lilium oriental cultivar Stargazer that is capable of protecting Lilium and LsGRP1 -transgenic Arabidopsis from Botrytis infection by inducing fungal PCD and mediating plant innate immune activation and host antinecrosis activity . Pectin-associated LsGRP1 accumulates in the cell walls and plasma membranes of leaf tissues, particularly in the epidermis, and is upregulated while Lilium exhibits induced resistance to gray mold. − Moreover, the constitutive expression of LsGRP1 is required for Lilium growth and does not impair the growth and reproduction of LsGRP1 -transgenic Arabidopsis (driven by the 35S promoter), indicating its application potential in plant health management.…”

“…LsGRP1 features the typical structure of class II GRPs, consisting of a signal sequence LsGRP1 SS , a N-terminal uncharacterized LsGRP1 N region, a central glycine-rich LsGRP1 G region, and a C-terminal cysteine-rich LsGRP1 C region. LsGRP1 C , as an antimicrobial region, endows LsGRP1 with antimicrobial activity by causing microbial membrane permeabilization and fungal PCD, ,, as the most common mechanisms of antimicrobial peptides. , Removal of LsGRP1 C fully abolished the fungal PCD-eliciting function of LsGRP1 in the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay for PCD detection, and the B. elliptica PCD-eliciting activity of LsGRP1 was superior to that of LsGRP1 C at the same molar concentration (10 μM) by 14% .…”

“…In addition to microbial inhibition, LsGRP1 participates in plant innate immune activation triggered by both pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and effectors, which leads to faster and stronger callose deposition and reactive oxygen species accumulation critical for plant defense against pathogen attack . This kind of dual function of microbial inhibition and innate immune activation has been reported in animal antimicrobial proteins .…”

GRP genes in potato genome and their expression response to phytohormone and Ralstonia solanacearum

“…NgRBP knockdown by virus‐induced gene silencing enhanced PVX and Cucumber mosaic virus resistance in Nicotiana glutinosa (Huang et al, 2019). LsGRP1 confers Lilium resistance via mediating innate immune activation and inducing fungal programmed cell death (Lin et al, 2020). Besides the functions involved in cell wall functioning and plant defence response, GRPs act as extracellular ligands of kinase proteins, RNA‐binding proteins during osmotic stress, and many others (Mangeon et al, 2010).…”