<b>Atividade antimicrobiana do óleo essencial de alecrim-pimenta e do extrato bruto seco do barbatimão diante de bactérias isoladas do leite</b><br>DOI:10.5007/2175-7925.2011v24n4p1

Abstract

ResumoO objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana in vitro do óleo essencial do Lippia sidoides (OELs), conhecido popularmente como "alecrim-pimenta", e do extrato bruto seco do Stryphnodendron adstringens (EBSSa), ou "barbatimão", contra bactérias isoladas do leite total de rebanho, provenientes de unidades agrícolas familiares do norte de Minas Gerais. O EBSSa foi obtido a partir da casca do vegetal por extração estática em etanol 99,9% por oito dias. O OELs foi obtido por meio da hidrodestilação das folhas frescas. As bactérias Escherichia coli e Staphylococcus aureus isoladas de leite foram submetidas aos testes de disco-difusão e concentração bactericida minima (CBM), utilizando as concentrações de 320, 160, 80, 40, 20 e 0μl/mL do OELs e 400, 200, 100, 50, 25 e 0mg/mL do EBSSa. Todas as bactérias se mostraram sensíveis aos extratos vegetais, exceto Escherichia coli que não foi inibida pelos dois testes quando foi utilizado o EBSSa. Palavras-chave: CBM, Coliformes, Lippia sidoides, Plantas medicinais, Stryphnodendron adstringens AbstractAntimicrobial activity of rosemary-pepper essential oil and barbatimao dry crude extract against bacteria isolated from milk. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of Lippia sidoides essential oil (LsEO), popularly known as "rosemary-pepper", and the Stryphnodendron adstringens dry crude extract (SaDCE), or "barbatimao", against bacteria isolated from total milk fl ock, from small farms of northern Minas Gerais state. SaDCE was obtained from the peel of the vegetable through static distillation in ethanol 99.9% during eight days. LsEO was obtained through hydro-distillation of its fresh leaves. The bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from milk underwent the test of disk-diffusion and minimum bacterial concentration (MBC), using concentrations of 320, 160, 80, 40, 20 and 0μl/mL of LsEO and 400, 200, 100, 50, 25 and 0mg/mL of SaDCE. All bacteria were sensitive to the vegetable extracts, except the Escherichia coli which was not inhibited by any test when SaDCE was used.

Antimicrobial activity and acute and chronic toxicity of the essential oil of Lippia origanoides

“…Our results are in agreement with data in the literature, which show the bactericidal activity of the L. origanoides essential oil against various microorganisms (Veras et al 2014) and suggests that this concentration is most efficient in oils obtained from plants collected between the months of December and May. The results obtained in other studies using the essential oil of L. origanoides extracted from plants from the North of Minas Gerais also concur with the optimal concentration found in this study (Castro et al 2011, Costa et al 2011, Pinho et al 2012.…”

“…Morais (2009) suggested that genetic factors, age of the plant and climatic and environmental factors, as well as the period of the year the plants were collected, may cause significant alterations in the production of secondary metabolites influencing the composition of essential oils and thereby the oil's antimicrobial effect. According to Costa et al (2011), the essential oil of L. origanoides inhibited the growth of S. aureus and E. coli with inhibition halos of 8.2 and 23.2 mm respectively at a concentration of 160µL/mL. Klancnik et al (2010) tested different essential oils against different bacteria and concluded that despite diffe- Hematological and biochemical parameters measured in the serum of Wistar rats treated chronically using oral vehicle (Control, n=5) or with daily doses of 120mg/kg of Lippia origanoides essential oil (n=5) for 30 days.…”

Acute and chronic toxicity and antimicrobial activity of the extract of Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville

“…Costa et al (2011) used extract obtained by methodology different from the one adopted in this study to evaluate growth of E. coli and S. aureus isolated from bovine milk, and Pinho et al (2012) evaluated the activity of S. adstringens extract obtained from leaves in these same microorganisms. These studies showed that concentrations ranging from 25 to 500mg/mL of dried crude S. adstringens extract did not inhibit E. coli growth (Costa et al 2011, Pinho et al 2012). Concentrations higher than or equal to 300mg/mL can inhibit S. aureus growth (Pinho et al 2012).…”

Atividade antisséptica do óleo essencial de Lippia origanoides Cham. (Alecrim-pimenta) na presença de leite bovino

“…Estudos realizados com óleo essencial de alecrim-pimenta provenientes da mesma área de reserva nativa do ICA-UFMG na região Norte de Minas Gerais apresentaram resultados semelhantes quanto aos compostos majoritários, (10) carvacrol, seguido de (03) p-cimeno, (7) timilmetil éter, (11) cariofileno e o γ-terpineno (05) (Costa et al 2011, Castro et al 2011, Queiroz et al 2014. Resultados relatados por autores em outras regiões do estado de Minas Gerais também são condizentes com os aqui descritos, ainda que os compostos tenham sido encontrados em percentual variável.…”

“…O potencial uso deste óleo essencial como antimicrobiano e antisséptico em saúde e produção animal, já foi confirmado in vitro em bactérias isoladas de leite e outros alimentos de origem animal (Costa et al 2011, Castro et al 2011, Queiroz et al 2014 , no entanto, pesquisas que avaliem a possível interferência de matéria orgânica na atividade ainda não foram publicadas.…”