<b>Concentration levels of essential and non-essential elements in selected Ethiopian wines</b>

Abstract

and Cr) were determined in four brands of Ethiopian wines by flame atomic absorption spectrometer (FAAS) after digesting the wine samples with HNO3-H2O2 mixture. Among the major metals potassium (694-767 mg/L) was found to be at the highest level, followed by magnesium (58.1-79.2 mg/L), calcium (28.4-37.1mg/L) and sodium (24.0-24.4 mg/L). From the minor metals iron, zinc and manganese were in the ranges of 1.42-3.16, 1.82-2.70, and 1.04-1.88 mg/L, respectively, followed by copper (0.5-1.5 mg/L), nickel (0.18-0.20 mg/L), cobalt (<0.065-0.091 mg/L) and chromium (<0.075-0.192 mg/L). The toxic metal lead was in the range of 0.14-0.31 mg/L while cadmium was below detection limit of the analytical procedure used in this study (<0.01 mg/L). The levels of metals in the Ethiopian wines were found to be comparable with wines of some other countries.

Levels of selected metals in wines from different Herzegovinian viticultural localities

“…The average concentration of Pb in wines from other localities was only 13 μg/L, which is below the average contents of Pb that are reported for some Croatian (46 μg/L, Bukovčan et al, 2009;14 -559 Lazos and Alexakis, 1989). However, the average concentration of Pb in white wines from the Stolac locality, with the exceptions of some Serbian (Suturović and Marjanović, 1998), Ethiopian (Woldemariam and Chandravanshi, 2011), Spanish (Mena et al, 1997), and Cretan wines (Galani-Nikolakaki et al, 2002), was higher than its concentration in wines reported in the available literature. Copper was found in 20 out of 24 analysed wines, with an average concentration of 482 μg/L.…”

“…The concentrations of Cu registered in all three whites, and one red wine (R-S3) from the Stolac locality were above the OIV's set maximum acceptable limit (1000 μg/L). Excluding wines from the Stolac locality, the average concentration of Cu in the remaining 14 wines was 172 μg/L, which is below or at the level of concentrations of this metal which were noted for some Croatian (180 μg/L, Bukovčan et al, 2009;Tariba et al, 2011b), Romanian (122 -538 μg/L, Calin et al, 2012), Serbian (100 -460 μg/L, Suturović and Marjanović, 1998;70 -570 Lazos and Alexakis, 1989), Ethiopian (500 -1500 μg/L, Woldemariam and Chandravanshi, 2011), and Slovenian wines (110 μg/L for white and 370 μg/L for red wines, Kristl et al, 2003). Nevertheless, the average concentration of Cu in these 14 wines was higher than those reported for some Spanish (58 and 113 Sen and Tokatli, 2014) and Slovenian white wines (500 μg/L, Kristl et al, 2003).…”

“…In the recently available literature many results on concentrations of these seven metals in wines from different countries could be found. A number of researchers reported concentrations of Pb, Cu, and Zn (Lazos and Alexakis, 1989;Marin and Ostapczuk, 1992;Mena et al, 1997;Suturović and Marjanović, 1998;Galani-Nikolakaki et al, 2002;Kristl et al, 2003;Orescanin et al, 2003;Lara et al, 2005;Catarino et al, 2008;Galgano et al, 2008;La Pera et al, 2008;Bukovčan et al, 2009;Voica et al, 2009;Volpe et al, 2009;Kostić et al, 2010, Ražić andOnjia, 2010;García-Rodríguez et al, 2011;Tariba et al, 2011a;Tariba et al, 2011b;Woldemariam and Chandravanshi, 2011;Calin et al, 2012;Sen and Tokatli, 2014). Concentrations of Mn, Cr, and Ni are somewhat less frequently reported (Eschnauer, 1982;Lazos and Alexakis, 1989;CabreraVique et al, 1997;Lendinez et al, 1998;Teissèdre et al, 1998a;Galani-Nikolakaki et al, 2002;Kristl et al, 2003;Orescanin et al, 2003;Lara et al, 2005;Catarino et al, 2008;Galgano et al, 2008;Bukovčan et al, 2009;Voica et al, 2009;Volpe et al, 2009;Ražić and Onjia, 2010;García-Rodrígue...…”

Determination of Pb and Cd in Macedonian Wines by Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (ETAAS)

“…The results obtained are in a good agreement with those previously reported for Macedonian wines (Karadjova et al 2007) and Brazilian wines (Freschi et al 2001). In addition, Macedonian wines presented lower amounts of Pb (on average 16.9 μg/L) compared to data for Croatian wines reported by Tariba et al (2011) (on average 33 μg/L) and Banović et al (2009) (on average 197 μg/L), as well as lower compared to Serbian wines (Ražić et al 2007), Ethiopian white wines (Woldemariam and Chandravanshi 2011) and wines from the Korean market (Kim 2004). In fact, Pb is a toxic heavy metal with widespread industrial uses and no nutritional benefits are Fig.…”

Assessment of essential and non-essential metals in Ethiopian traditional fermented alcoholic beverages

“…The levels of metals in Ethiopian traditional fermented beverages (this study) were compared with the levels of metals in Nigerian beer [19], Ethiopian wines [24], Romanian wines [32], Chianti (Italian) wines [46], beers from different country of origin (including British, Dutch, German, Norwegian, Polish, Spanish and Others) [47], Cretan wines and wine products from Greek [48], different African beverages (including coconut palm wine, bamboo wine, banana wine, kibuku, safari' lager, konyagi' gin, moonshine, komoni and wanzuki) commercially available in Tanazania [49] and Nigerian wines [50]. [24] in wine, 0.001 -1.5 mg L -1 [47] and 0.08 -0.15 mg L -1 [19] in beer, 2.5 -5.8 mg L -1 [49] in coconut palm wine, 1.03 mg L -1 [49] in bamboo wine, 3.5 -14.…”