&lt;b&gt;PIT CELLS AS NATURAL KILLER &lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;CELLS &lt;/b&gt;

Kaneda, Kenji; Dan, Chieko; Wake, Kanako

doi:10.2220/biomedres.4.567

Cited by 68 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In fact, pit cells were described morphologically as a distinct cell type [ 11 before the concept of NK-cells and their correlation with LGL was well-established. It was previously suggested on the basis of morphologic similarities that pit cells correspond to LGL [4] and have a similar organ distribution as reported for NK cells in the rat [21]. We want to support this view with the present study: the pit cell should be regarded as the tissue equivalent of LGL.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

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Large granular lymphocytes or “Pit cells” from rat liver: isolation, ultrastructural characterization and natural killer activity

Remels²,

et al. 1987

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Considerable numbers of large granular lymphocytes (LGL) were isolated from rat liver by a simple method consisting of sinusoidal lavage at elevated (50 cm water column) perfusion pressure. This method gave a yield comparable with the enzymatic dissociation method commonly used for the isolation of nonparenchymal liver cells, but was shorter in time and had the advantage of avoiding the potentially harmful effects of the dissociating enzymes. The isolated LGL were highly cytotoxic against YAC-1 lymphoma cells and this cytolytic activity was blocked by treatment of the effector cells with an antibody against natural killer cells (anti-asialo GM1). We characterized the hepatic LGL as nonphagocytic, nonadherent, peroxidase-negative and acid phosphatase-positive cells which could be enriched in the low-density fraction of a Percoll gradient. At the light microscopic level, they showed characteristic azurophilic granules which corresponded to strongly osmiophilic granules with a specific morphology in electron microscopy. It is concluded that these LGL are identical to the "pit cells" which were formerly described by electron microscopy in situ as normal components of the liver sinusoids and which are easily recognized by their fine structure. It is also proposed that the liver may represent one of the major natural killer organs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Later studies confirmed these observations [2, 31 but the function of this cell type remained unknown. In 1983, however, it was proposed that pit cells from rat blood may represent the electron microscopic (EM) description of large granular lymphocytes (LGL) [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large granular lymphocytes or “Pit cells” from rat liver: isolation, ultrastructural characterization and natural killer activity

Remels²,

et al. 1987

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“…Their name was given because of the resemblance of their specific electron-dense granules with fruit pips (or "pits"). The function of these pit cells, however, was long unknown until Kaneda et al [13] proposed that they could represent NK cells. We recently reported that isolated and purified hepatic pit cells indeed have NK activity against YAC-1 tumor cells, and showed that pit cells are the electron microscopic equivalent of LGL (the latter being characterized by the presence of azurophilic granules in light microscopy) [l].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immuno‐electron microscopic characterization of large granular lymphocytes (natural killer cells) from rat liver

Bouwens¹,

Wisse

1987

Eur J Immunol

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The immunocytochemical characteristics of large granular lymphocytes (LGL), isolated from the liver sinusoids of euthymic and athymic (nude) rats, were investigated in electron microscopy by the immunoperoxidase technique. The LGL were found positive for MRC OX-8 (natural killer cells and cytotoxic/suppressor T cells) and negative for MRC OX-19 (pan-T marker) in both rat strains. The LGL were heterogeneous in the expression of the natural killer cell marker asialo-GM1 which was found on 56% of the LGL from euthymic and on 71% of the LGL from athymic rats. LGL were easily distinguished from the other cells in the preparations, "conventional" lymphocytes and monocytes, thanks to their highly characteristic ultrastructural features, in particular by the presence of specific electron-dense cytoplasmic granules and rod-cored vesicles. These features have been described formerly for the so-called "pit cells" and are more reliable than the classical LGL characteristics at the light microscopic level, i.e. the presence of azurophilic granules. Our results give further support for the existence of an important population of natural killer cells in the liver sinusoids.

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“…This ensures an instantaneous and simultaneous fixation preserving the shape, topography and ultrastructure of all cells and sinusoids. Owing to this technique, endothelial (Wisse 1972), Kupffer (Wake 1980;Wisse 1974), stellate (Wake 1980) and pit cells (liver resident NK cells) (Kaneda et al 1983;Wisse et al 1976) were characterized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Owing to this technique, endothelial (Wisse 1972 ), Kupffer (Wake 1980 ; Wisse 1974 ), stellate (Wake 1980 ) and pit cells (liver resident NK cells) (Kaneda et al. 1983 ; Wisse et al. 1976 ) were characterized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fat causes necrosis and inflammation in parenchymal cells in human steatotic liver

Wisse

Braet

Shami

et al. 2021

Histochem Cell Biol

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Adapted fixation methods for electron microscopy allowed us to study liver cell fine structure in 217 biopsies of intact human livers over the course of 10 years. The following novel observations and concepts arose: single fat droplets in parenchymal cells can grow to a volume four times larger than the original cell, thereby extremely marginalizing the cytoplasm with all organelles. Necrosis of single parenchymal cells, still containing one huge fat droplet, suggests death by fat in a process of single-cell steatonecrosis. In a later stage of single-cell steatonecrosis, neutrophils and erythrocytes surround the single fat droplet, forming an inflammatory fat follicle indicating the apparent onset of inflammation. Also, fat droplets frequently incorporate masses of filamentous fragments and other material, most probably representing Mallory substance. No other structure or material was found that could possibly represent Mallory bodies. We regularly observe the extrusion of huge fat droplets, traversing the peripheral cytoplasm of parenchymal cells, the Disse space and the endothelium. These fat droplets fill the sinusoid as a sinusoidal lipid embolus. In conclusion, adapted methods of fixation applied to human liver tissue revealed that single, huge fat droplets cause necrosis and inflammation in single parenchymal cells. Fat droplets also collect Mallory substance and give rise to sinusoidal fat emboli. Therefore, degreasing of the liver seems to be an essential therapeutic first step in the self-repairing of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. This might directly reduce single-cell steatotic necrosis and inflammation as elements in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis progression.

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<b>PIT CELLS AS NATURAL KILLER </b><b>CELLS </b>

Cited by 68 publications

References 5 publications

Large granular lymphocytes or “Pit cells” from rat liver: isolation, ultrastructural characterization and natural killer activity

Large granular lymphocytes or “Pit cells” from rat liver: isolation, ultrastructural characterization and natural killer activity

Immuno‐electron microscopic characterization of large granular lymphocytes (natural killer cells) from rat liver

Fat causes necrosis and inflammation in parenchymal cells in human steatotic liver

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