&lt;i&gt;Aerococcus viridans&lt;/i&gt; infection presenting as cutaneous vasculitis in an immunocompetent patient

Parrey, Ashaq; Sofi, Fayaz Ahmad; Ahmad, Mushtaq; Kuchay, Abid

doi:10.5114/reum.2016.64909

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…For instance, A. viridans, which recently has been recognized as human pathogens capable of causing variety of infections (41). It has occasionally been encountered as human pathogens leading to endocarditis, meningitis, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, urinary tract infections, bacteremia, and cutaneous vasculitis (42). These bacteria are easily misidentified as streptococci or staphylococci; therefore, their infections have long been underestimated (43).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Mannitol Fermenter and Salt Tolerant Staphylococci from Breast Tumor Biopsies of Iraqi Women

Lafta

Najem

2020

Baghdad Sci.J

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The emergence of staphylococci, either coagulase negative (CNS) or coagulase positive (CPS), as important human pathogens has implied that reliable methods for their identification are of large significance in understanding the diseases caused by them. The identification and characterization of staphylococci from biopsies taken from human breast tumors is reported here. Out of 32 tissue biopsies, a total of 12 suspected staphylococci grew on mannitol salt agar (MSA) medium, including 7 fermenters and 5 non-fermenter staphylococci based on traditional laboratory methods. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) successfully identified seven isolates at the genus level as methicillin resistant Staphylococcus spp. by targeting a common region of the mecA gene. Only two of the seven bacteria were S. aureus based on the three-specific primers designed to amplify the housekeeping gene recN, and two of the virulence genes icaD and pvl. Diagnosing the isolates using the Vitek system revealed different findings. Although 6 of 7 isolates belonged to the Staphylococcus genus, including: S. cohnii subsp. cohnii, 2 isolates; S. lentus, 2 isolates; and one isolate for each S. auricularis and S. xylosus, the last bacterium was completely different (Aerococcus viridans). Concerning the two bacteria characterised as S. aureus by PCR, they were identified as S. lentus by Vitek with comparatively low detection probabilities of 93% and 88%. The data of this study indicate that undoubtedly PCR is a reliable and accurate test for identification of mannitol fermenter and salt tolerant bacteria in comparison with other tests that depend mainly on biochemical characteristics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Mannitol Fermenter and Salt Tolerant Staphylococci from Breast Tumor Biopsies of Iraqi Women

Lafta

Najem

2020

Baghdad Sci.J

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“…They gained clinical importance recently as proper identification distinguished them from other Gram-positive staphylococcal and streptococcal species [35]. Apart from serious systemic infections such as bacteraemia, endocarditis, meningitis and urinary tract infections, case studies of vasculitis and wound infections have been described [35,36]. Until this report, to the best of our knowledge, no previous study indicated an involvement of A. viridans in biofilm-like lesions [14][15][16].…”

Section: Medical Importance Of the Bacteria Isolatedmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…1e). Since it would have been difficult for the patient to attend the clinic on a daily basis in the following period, it was decided to continue the topical treatment with NCT and NBrT at home A. viridans Opportunistic invasive pathogen [36] Not known to produce or be involved in biofilms B. pumilus ‡ Exceptional pathogen [37][38][39] Only known for aquatic environments [41] K. marina ‡ Emerging opportunistic and nosocomial pathogen [43][44] Known not to produce biofilms in humans [43] S. epidermidis Opportunistic and nosocomial pathogen Biofilm-forming ability on inserted devices [47] S. capitis Opportunistic and nosocomial pathogen Biofilm-forming ability on inserted devices under certain conditions [47] *Strains are pathogenic in wounds, as well as in other systemic infections. † †Ability to form biofilm as a single species on human tissue, as well as on other environmental niches including plants.…”

Section: Treatment With Nct Nbrt and Batmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful treatment of a unique chronic multi-bacterial scalp infection with N-chlorotaurine, N-bromotaurine and bromamine T

Kyriakopoulos¹,

Nagl

Orth‐Höller

et al. 2020

Access Microbiology

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Microbial species can act in synergy to circumvent environmental stress conditions and survive. In addition, biofilms are a serious public-health issue globally and constitute a clinical emergency. Infection persistence, increased morbidity and mortality, and antibiotic resistance are consequences of poly-microbial synergy. Due to inherited complexity and synergy between numerous species, newer antimicrobial agents of increased efficacy and tolerability are needed. In this unique medical case, a chronic (9 year) multi-bacterial scalp infection was differentially diagnosed from other inflammatory skin disorders by prolonged microbiological culture. The bacterial species found seem to have caused lesions of visible biofilm not documented previously in the medical literature. This complicated infection was treated successfully and rapidly with the combined topical application of the active halogen compounds N-chlorotaurine, N-bromotaurine and bromamine T, which is in contrast to the previous failed systemic and topical therapeutic approaches. This study strengthens the case for the use of active halogen compounds against multi-bacterial infections of the skin in the future, without the occurrence of resistance.

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“…IgA vasculitis has been reported to occur in association with various bacteria, including Clostridium difficile and Mycoplasma pneumoniae . Aerococcus viridians , Listeria monocytogenes , Ureaplasma urealyticum and Burkholderia cepacia have been incriminated in cutaneous LCV. Infectious aortitis can be caused by Treponema pallidum , Staphylococcus aureus , Salmonella spp., Streptococcus pneumonie and Mycobacterium tuberculosis .…”

Section: Microbiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Management of the infection‐associated vasculitides involves education of the patient and the family, local treatment of the affected organs or structures, supportive systemic treatment, specific antimicrobial treatment when available, and occasionally immunosuppressive therapy, as appropriate. In the majority of instances, timely institution of the specific antimicrobial therapy (Table ) saves the organ or even sometimes life . Thus early diagnosis is the key to success.…”

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection‐associated vasculitides

Haq

Pagnoux

2018

Int J of Rheum Dis

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Vasculitides are disorders characterized by inflammation of the vessel walls, often caused by autoimmunity, but sometimes as a result of microbial invasion. Almost all types of microbes including bacteria, viruses, protozoa and fungi have been incriminated in the pathogenesis of vasculitis. Accurate etiological diagnosis is important since immunosuppressive treatment may lead to further deterioration if infection is the cause of vasculitis. Clinical features sometimes provide clues to the etiology. Further evaluation requires a focused and cost-effective plan of laboratory investigation. The investigations aim at establishing the diagnosis of vasculitis and identify the causative organism. An accurate diagnosis of vasculitis optimally requires histological examination and imaging. For infection-associated vasculitis, the identification of the organism requires studies of stained specimens, cultures, and/or detection of antigens and antibodies. Ideally, the treatment involves administration of an appropriate antimicrobial. In non-self-limiting types of vasculitides, glucocorticoids are needed when the symptoms are progressive, with vital organs involvement, and sometimes, when there is no antimicrobial agent of proven efficacy against the incriminated agent. Additional immunosuppressive agents or interventions must be considered when the disease is severe and/or post-infective immune mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis, e.g., severe HBV-or HCV-associated vasculitides. Available preventative vaccinations are also crucial. The incidence of HBV-associated vasculitides dramatically decreased following HBV vaccination campaigns, and other infection-associated vasculitides may as well in the future.

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<i>Aerococcus viridans</i> infection presenting as cutaneous vasculitis in an immunocompetent patient

Cited by 10 publications

References 6 publications

Characterization of Mannitol Fermenter and Salt Tolerant Staphylococci from Breast Tumor Biopsies of Iraqi Women

Characterization of Mannitol Fermenter and Salt Tolerant Staphylococci from Breast Tumor Biopsies of Iraqi Women

Successful treatment of a unique chronic multi-bacterial scalp infection with N-chlorotaurine, N-bromotaurine and bromamine T

Infection‐associated vasculitides

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