&lt;i&gt;&amp;beta;&lt;/i&gt;-Adrenoceptor-Blocking Agents in the Management of Hypertension

Prichard, B. N. C.

doi:10.1159/000170652

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…15 ' ** Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure secondary to a predominant and unopposed alpha-adrenergic venoconstrictor tone has been proposed as the mechanism responsible for the displacement of fluid from the intravascular to the extravascular space. 2 Frequent, perhaps daily, measurements of the plasma-to-interstitial-fluid-volume ratio may be needed to explain the secondary fall in cardiac output that we have observed. Alternatively, the changes in cardiac output may be related to a redistribution of intravascular volume between the cardiopulmonary and peripheral vascular beds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Short-term systemic hemodynamic adaptation to beta-adrenergic inhibition with atenolol in hypertensive patients.

Simon¹,

Franciosa²,

Gimenez³

et al. 1981

Hypertension

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SUMMARY Early systemic hemodynamic adjustments to antihypertensire therapy with the cardioselective beta inhibitor, atenolol, were investigated in 12 hospitalized men, mean age 52 years, with uncomplicated mildto-moderate essential hypertension. Twice daily measurements of cardiac output (CO) by CO 3 rebreathing, blood pressure by cuff, and heart rate were performed in all subjects for 3 days before and S days after initiation of oral atenolol therapy (50 or 100 mg daily). Cardiac output by CO, rebreathing was checked with dye diluion just before, and 4 hours and 4 days after the start of therapy. Plasma volume (radioiodinated albumin) was measured before therapy and on Day 5 of therapy. The CO results obtained with the two methods were not significantly different (r = 0.88,p < 0.01, n = 12). A reduction in heart rate, 18 ± 2 beats/min (mean ± SE), occurred in all patients while taking atenolol. By 4 hours after the first dose of atenolol, CO fell from better their mechanism of action, it would be desirable to study the systemic hemodynamic events that accompany the onset of the antihypertensive effect. Unfortunately, the constraints of invasive laboratory procedures make frequent and prolonged hemodynamic monitoring of study subjects impractical. As a result, previous studies of the systemic hemodyanmic response to beta inhibitors have been performed either within hours after the first dose of the drug or several days after the initiation of therapy.In the present study, a noninvasive method was used to measure cardiac output twice daily for several days before and for 5 days after the initiation of antihypertensive therapy with the beta inhibitor, atenolol, a new cardioselective drug without sympathomimetic or membrane-stabilizing activity. 7 In this manner, we were able to describe the hemodynamic sequence of events that accompanies the onset of antihypertensive action of beta inhibitors. 262

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Short-term systemic hemodynamic adaptation to beta-adrenergic inhibition with atenolol in hypertensive patients.

Simon¹,

Franciosa²,

Gimenez³

et al. 1981

Hypertension

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“…Both types of P-adrenoceptor blocking drugs, i.e. with and without ISA, have the same efficacy in the treatment of hypertension (Morgan et McNeil et al, 1979;Prichard, 1979;Waal-Manning, 1976) and angina pectoris (Arstila et al, 1973;Frishman et al, 1979).…”

Section: Isa and Heart Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Pindolol‐a beta‐adrenoceptor blocking drug with partial agonist activity: clinical pharmacological considerations.

Aellig¹

1982

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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1 Pindolol is a beta‐adrenoceptor antagonist equally effective on beta 1‐ and beta 2‐adrenoceptors which has a relatively long duration of action. It is practically completely absorbed and, unlike most other beta‐adrenoceptor blockers, is only metabolized to a small extent during the first passage through the liver. 2 Pindolol possesses partial agonist activity (intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, ISA). This means that apart from blocking beta‐adrenoceptors it produces some stimulation. Pindolol therefore only slightly influences normal sympathetic drive at rest but effectively reduces the effects of elevated sympathetic activity. 3 Various therapeutic advantages have been attributed to the partial agonist activity of pindolol: no or only slight alterations in normal cardiac output, heart rate and peripheral blood flow occur. Peripheral resistance is reduced during chronic oral therapy. No alteration of HDL/LDL cholesterol ratio has been observed. Rebound phenomena on sudden withdrawal of therapy and bronchoconstriction in susceptible patients are less likely than with drugs devoid of ISA.

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“…In patients with hypertension and chronic obstructive lung disease ,B-adrenoceptor blocking agents are contra-indicated because they can increase airway resistance (Prichard, 1979). As an alternative, centrally acting antihypertensive agents are often used in this category of patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Guanfacine on Blood Pressure and Lung Function in Hypertensive Patients With Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease

Wever

Brummelen

1983

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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1 The effects of guanfacine, given once daily in dosages of 0.5-3 mg, on blood pressure and lung function were investigated in a placebo controlled single-blind trial in 10 patients with hypertension and chronic obstructive lung disease. 2 Six of the 10 patients also received a thiazide diuretic in an unchanged dose throughout the study. 3 Guanfacine lowered diastolic blood pressure to less than 95 mm Hg in 9/10 patients. 4 Lung function was not influenced by guanfacine. 5 A dry mouth was the most frequent side effect.

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<i>β</i>-Adrenoceptor-Blocking Agents in the Management of Hypertension

Cited by 7 publications

References 127 publications

Short-term systemic hemodynamic adaptation to beta-adrenergic inhibition with atenolol in hypertensive patients.

Short-term systemic hemodynamic adaptation to beta-adrenergic inhibition with atenolol in hypertensive patients.

Pindolol‐a beta‐adrenoceptor blocking drug with partial agonist activity: clinical pharmacological considerations.

The Influence of Guanfacine on Blood Pressure and Lung Function in Hypertensive Patients With Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease

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