&lt;i&gt;In Vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in Vivo&lt;/i&gt; Comparative Study of Oral Nanoparticles and Gut Iontophoresis as Oral Delivery Systems for Insulin

ELKHATIB, MONA M.; Ali, Amir; Al-badrawy, Ali S.

doi:10.1248/bpb.b20-00737

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…To diminish the unwanted complications of insulin administration and increase the patient’s compliance, various research teams tried to incorporate it in multiple carriers for oral administration [ 146 , 147 , 148 ]: liposomes [ 149 , 150 ] mixed micelles [ 151 , 152 ], nanoparticles [ 153 , 154 , 155 ], intestinal patches [ 156 ]. Current studies also explore other access ways for insulin administration: intranasal [ 157 , 158 , 159 ], transdermal [ 160 , 161 ], and sublingual [ 162 , 163 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Technologies for Managing Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Their Impact on Quality of Life—A Narrative Review

Elian,

Popovici,

Ozon

et al. 2023

Life

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Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects millions of people and generates high healthcare costs due to frequent complications when inappropriately managed. Our paper aimed to review the latest technologies used in T1DM management for better glycemic control and their impact on daily life for people with diabetes. Continuous glucose monitoring systems provide a better understanding of daily glycemic variations for children and adults and can be easily used. These systems diminish diabetes distress and improve diabetes control by decreasing hypoglycemia. Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusions have proven their benefits in selected patients. There is a tendency to use more complex systems, such as hybrid closed-loop systems that can modulate insulin infusion based on glycemic readings and artificial intelligence-based algorithms. It can help people manage the burdens associated with T1DM management, such as fear of hypoglycemia, exercising, and long-term complications. The future is promising and aims to develop more complex ways of automated control of glycemic levels to diminish the distress of individuals living with diabetes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Technologies for Managing Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Their Impact on Quality of Life—A Narrative Review

Elian,

Popovici,

Ozon

et al. 2023

Life

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“…PermeGear's Franz diffusion cells (Hellertown, PA, USA) were effectively employed to extensively investigate the rat's intestinal segment. These cells possess a remarkable volume of 20 mL and a vast diffusion area of 2.91 cm 2 [66].…”

Section: Ex Vivo Release Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the In Vitro and In Vivo Performance of L-Carnitine-Loaded Nanoparticles in Combating Obesity

Uner,

Ergin,

Ansari

et al. 2023

Molecules

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Addressing obesity is a critical health concern of the century, necessitating urgent attention. L-carnitine (LC), an essential water-soluble compound, plays a pivotal role in lipid breakdown via β-oxidation and facilitates the transport of long-chain fatty acids across mitochondrial membranes. However, LC’s high hydrophilicity poses challenges to its diffusion through bilayers, resulting in limited bioavailability, a short half-life, and a lack of storage within the body, mandating frequent dosing. In our research, we developed LC-loaded nanoparticle lipid carriers (LC-NLCs) using economically viable and tissue-localized nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) to address these limitations. Employing the central composite design model, we optimized the formulation, employing the high-pressure homogenization (HPH) method and incorporating Poloxamer® 407 (surfactant), Compritol® 888 ATO (solid lipid), and oleic acid (liquid oil). A comprehensive assessment of nanoparticle physical attributes was performed, and an open-field test (OFT) was conducted on rats. We employed immunofluorescence assays targeting CRP and PPAR-γ, along with an in vivo rat study utilizing an isolated fat cell line to assess adipogenesis. The optimal formulation, with an average size of 76.4 ± 3.4 nm, was selected due to its significant efficacy in activating the PPAR-γ pathway. Our findings from the OFT revealed noteworthy impacts of LC-NLC formulations (0.1 mg/mL and 0.2 mg/mL) on adipocyte cells, surpassing regular L-carnitine formulations’ effects (0.1 mg/mL and 0.2 mg/mL) by 169.26% and 156.63%, respectively (p < 0.05).

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“…An in vitro permeation study indicated that iontophoresis aided in the permeation of insulin across the intestinal membrane as compared to passive diffusion. An in vivo permeation study further justified the effectiveness of iontophoresis in consistently delivering insulin across the intestinal membrane [ 133 ]. Similarly, the use of iontophoresis across intestinal cells resulted in improved paracellular transport of insulin due to the opening of the tight junctions.…”

Section: Advancements In Insulin Delivery Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review of the Evolution of Insulin Development and Its Delivery Method

et al. 2022

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The year 2021 marks the 100th anniversary of the momentous discovery of insulin. Through years of research and discovery, insulin has evolved from poorly defined crude extracts of animal pancreas to recombinant human insulin and analogues that can be prescribed and administered with high accuracy and efficacy. However, there are still many challenges ahead in clinical settings, particularly with respect to maintaining optimal glycemic control whilst minimizing the treatment-related side effects of hypoglycemia and weight gain. In this review, the chronology of the development of rapid-acting, short-acting, intermediate-acting, and long-acting insulin analogues, as well as mixtures and concentrated formulations that offer the potential to meet this challenge, are summarized. In addition, we also summarize the latest advancements in insulin delivery methods, along with advancement to clinical trials. This review provides insights on the development of insulin treatment for diabetes mellitus that may be useful for clinicians in meeting the needs of their individual patients. However, it is important to note that as of now, none of the new technologies mentioned have superseded the existing method of subcutaneous administration of insulin.

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<i>In Vitro</i> and <i>in Vivo</i> Comparative Study of Oral Nanoparticles and Gut Iontophoresis as Oral Delivery Systems for Insulin

Cited by 6 publications

References 33 publications

Current Technologies for Managing Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Their Impact on Quality of Life—A Narrative Review

Current Technologies for Managing Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Their Impact on Quality of Life—A Narrative Review

Assessing the In Vitro and In Vivo Performance of L-Carnitine-Loaded Nanoparticles in Combating Obesity

A Comprehensive Review of the Evolution of Insulin Development and Its Delivery Method

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