<i>In vitro</i> ruminal fermentation and fatty acid production by various oil seeds

Abstract

Rumen simulating techniques (Rusitec) were used to determine the impact of diets containing milled oilseeds on the fermentation parameters and amount of fatty acids (FA) in the effluent. High-forage diets containing no oilseeds (control diet (CD)) or 10% oilseed meal from rapeseed (RS), sunflower seed (SS), or flaxseed (FS) were used on a dry matter (DM) basis. No differences in DM digestibility were observed between the diets. Inclusion of SS and FS significantly reduced the pH values of the ruminal fluid, and a significant decline in the ammonia nitrogen (NH 3 -N) (mg/d) production in effluent was observed in the vessels with SS. Generally, oilseeds in these diets significantly reduced the amount of total fermentation gases (L/d); however, only a tendency toward methane (CH 4 , %) decrease was detected. The addition of oilseeds also significantly diminished the amount of total volatile fatty acids (VFA) produced (mmol/d). Significant reductions in the amounts of saturated FA in the vessels with RS and FS were observed compared with the CD and a significantly higher amount of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was noted in the vessels with RS. An increased amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), compared with the CD, was statistically significant only in the vessels with FS.

Altering Methane Emission, Fatty Acid Composition, and Microbial Profile during In Vitro Ruminant Fermentation by Manipulating Dietary Fatty Acid Ratios

“…Generally, the addition of oil enriched with n-6 or n-3 PUFAs to a high-forage diet has been shown to reduce the production of fermentation gases [70]. Despite the cumulative GP and the asymptotic GP not being affected in the current study, the maximum rates of substrate digestion in the HN 6 and LN 6 groups were lower than that in the MN 6 group.…”

Dietary supplemental plant oils reduce methanogenesis from anaerobic microbial fermentation in the rumen

“…The dietary addition of C18 free fatty acids decreases methane production from ruminal fermentation, and the extent of this decrease is affected by the degree of fatty acid unsaturation, the inclusion level and the basal diet 57,61 . When oils or oilseeds differing in their fatty acid (mostly esterified) composition are used as dietary lipid supplements, most of them decrease methane production, with minor differences among the diverse oils or oilseeds 49,[62][63][64] . Differences among supplemental oils in their effect on ruminal methane production are highly www.nature.com/scientificreports www.nature.com/scientificreports/ dependent on the basal diet, and it seems that the extent of the decrease in methane caused by the addition of different oils is similar when added to a high-concentrate diet 33,63 , as that used in our study.…”

Penurunan Emisi Polutan Kambing Peranakan Etawah Yang Diberi Wafer Ransum Limbah Inkonvensional Melalui Aplikasi Teknologi Biofermentasi Dan Suplementasi

“…Penambahan minyak ke dalam hijauan pakan serat ternyata tidak memiliki efek negatif pada populasi mikrob rumen. Namun, menurunkan kandungan gas produk fermentasi rumen, khususnya gas metana (Kubelková et al, 2018). Suplemen lemak ke dalam pakan hijauan serat ternak ruminansia bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kepadatan energi, meningkatkan pemanfaatan nutrisi, meningkatkan produksi daging, dan memodifikasi komposisi asam lemak (Soder et al, 2013).…”

“…Lemak ransum dapat memodifikasi populasi mikrob dalam rumen yang bertanggung jawab untuk pencernaan selulosa, mengurangi degradasi rumen serat dan bahan organik (Machmüller et al, 2006). Kubelková et al (2018) 897,0 g Ransum Basal + 3,0 g pignox + 100 g lemak hewan Keterangan: WFS0 = Wafer ransum limbah inkonvensional tanpa biofermentasi dan suplementasi (ransum basal), WF1S11 = WFS0 terfermentasi 1,5% cairan rumen dan disuplementasi 0,15% multi vitamin-mineral dan 5% lemak hewan, WF2S12 = WSF0 terfermentasi 3,0% cairan rumen dan disuplementasi 0,15% multivitamin-mineral dan 10% lemak hewan, WF1S21 = WFS0 terfermentasi 1,5% cairan rumen dan disuplementasi 0,30% multi vitamin-mineral dan 5% lemak hewan, WF2S22 = WFS0 terfermentasi 3,0% cairan rumen dan disuplementasi 0,30% multi vitamin-mineral dan 10% lemak hewan S 22 100 3,0 77,0 2…”

“…Hal ini secara jelas tampak sebagai akibat peningkatan tertinggi yang dihasilkan terhadap kecernaan nutrien, khususnya kecernaan bahan kering, bahan organik dan protein kasar ransum (Tabel 5). Peningkatan kecernaan nutrien ini meningkatkan absorbsi (penyerapan) nutrien sehingga jumlah nutrien terbuang dalam bentuk amoniak semakin berkurang (Kubelková et al, 2018;Van de Vyver et al, 2013). Dilaporkan oleh Putri dan Dewantari (2017) bahwa suplementasi vitamin dan mineral dalam ransum berbasis hijauan lokal dapat meningkatkan efisiensi pemanfaatan ransum dan pertambahan bobot hidup kambing gembrong sebesar 17,81%.…”