<i>In Vitro</i> Structural Changes of Nano-Bacterial Cellulose Immersed in Phosphate Buffer Solution

Abstract

Abstract. Nano-bacterial cellulose (nBC), secreted by Acetobacter xylinum, is expected to have potential applications in tissue engineering. In this paper, the in-vitro degradation performance and the corresponding mechanism of nBC immersed in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) for different time periods was investigated. The pH value variation of solution, material degradation, and the swelling and structural changes of nBC was analysed successively. The results indicate that water molecules attack the exposed nBC fibrils, weakening the bonding strength of inter-and intra-molecular chains and disconnecting partial C-O-C bonds. The disconnection of C-O-C bonds is considered the primary reason for the degradation of nBC large molecular chains after nBC is immersed in PBS. The present work is instructive for controlling the in-vivo degradation performance of nBC acting as bone tissue engineered scaffold materials.

The Efficacy of Electron Beam Irradiated Bacterial Cellulose Membranes as Compared with Collagen Membranes on Guided Bone Regeneration in Peri-Implant Bone Defects

“…Several suggestions have been made to improve the biodegradability of BC. In vitro, the formation of fuzzy aggregates and BC fiber fragmentation were identified after immersion for 8–12 weeks in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at pH 7.25 and 37 °C [ 37 , 38 ]. An in vivo study [ 39 ] on BC-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposite membranes in rat tibia showed the sizes of HA particles and BC nanofibers determined resorption.…”

Preparation and Characterization of Resorbable Bacterial Cellulose Membranes Treated by Electron Beam Irradiation for Guided Bone Regeneration

“…In particular, 300k EI-BCMs exhibited a weight reduction of ~70% after 16 weeks in PBS. It has been reported mechanical and chemical changes in biopolymers caused by radiation promote biodegradation [ 42 , 32 ]. This result confirmed that the hydrolysis of the BC polysaccharide chain by EI can be effective for reduction of the molecular weight of BC and accelerated the degradability of the BCMs [ 39 , 49 , 50 ].…”

“…BCM is not biodegradable in the human body because of a lack of cellulose degrading enzymes (cellulases) [ 31 ]. To overcome this problem, various methods, such as, acid hydrolysis, alkaline hydrolysis, delignification by oxidation organosolv pretreatment and pretreatment with ionic liquids, have been proposed to accelerate the hydrolysis of cellulose [ 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]. However, these methods have disadvantages, such as, difficulty accurately controlling degradation and potential cytotoxicity due to residual chemicals in BCMs for clinical application [ 31 , 33 , 36 ].…”

Computational analysis of tensile damage and failure of mineralized tissue assisted with experimental observations

“…Such storage is known to mimic in vivo conditions and prevent surface demineralization by preserving the specimen in the physiological range of pH, where the composition of the solution is close to tissue fluid. 12 In addition, the specimen was preferred to be kept refrigerated in the solution since the frozen water within the specimen would lead to unnatural brittle behavior if the specimen was kept frozen. The samples were hydrated through all machining processes.…”