<i>In vitro</i> thrombolytic, anthelmintic, anti-oxidant and cytotoxic activity with phytochemical screening of methanolic extract of <i>Xanthium indicum</i> leaves

Abstract

Xanthium indicum is an important medicinal plant traditionally used in Bangladesh as a folkloric treatment. The current study was undertaken to evaluate thrombolytic, anthelmintic, anti-oxidant, cytotoxic properties with phytochemical screening of methanolic extract of X. indicum leaves. The analysis of phytochemical screening confirmed the existence of phytosetrols and diterpenes. In thrombolytic assay, a significant clot lysis was observed at four concentrations of plant extract compare to the positive control streptokinase (30,000 IU, 15,000 IU) and negative control normal saline. The extract revealed potent anthelmintic activity at different concentrations. In anti-oxidant activity evaluation by two potential experiments namely total phenolic content determination and free radical scavenging assay by 2, 2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), the leaves extract possess good anti-oxidant property. In the brine shrimp lethality bioassay, the crude extract showed potent (LC50 1.3 μg/mL) cytotoxic activity compare to the vincristine sulfate as a positive control (LC50 0.8 μg/mL).

Screening Phytochimique, Étude Toxicologique, Évaluation des Activités Antiplasmodiale et Antiradicalaire de la Tige Feuillée de Senna occidentalis Linn (Fabaceae)

“…En effet, lors d'une évaluation toxicologique d'extraits de plantes par ce test de toxicité, une valeur de CL50 < 1000 g/mL est considérée comme bioactive (Meyer et al, 1982). Il est un dépistage préliminaire de la toxicité des extraits végétaux (Ghosh et al, 2015;Kibiti et Afolayan, 2016;Oberlies et al, 1998;Sufian et Haque, 2015;Syahmi et al, 2010), toxines fongiques (Harwing et Scott., 1971), métaux lourds (Saliba et Krzyz, 1976), toxines cyanobactériennes (Hisem et al, 2011), pesticides (Michael et al, 1956), tests de cytotoxicité sur des matériaux dentaires (Pelka et al, 2000) et nanostructures (Maurer-Jones et al, 2013). Pour le composé bioactif d'origine naturelle ou synthétique, il s'agit d'un test rapide et complet (Quazi et al, 2017).…”

Brine shrimp lethality assay

“…It is a preliminary toxicity screening of plant extracts (Ghosh et al, 2015;Kibiti and Afolayan, 2016;Oberlies et al, 1998;Sufian and Haque, 2015;Syahmi et al, 2010), fungal toxins (Harwing and Scott, 1971), heavy metals (Saliba and Krzyz, 1976), cyanobacteria toxins (Hisem et al, 2011), pesticides (Michael et al, 1956), cytotoxicity testing of dental material (Pelka et al, 2000) and nanostructures (Maurer-Jones et al, 2013). Subsequently animal model is recommended for its establishment.…”

In vivo pharmacological activities of methanolic extract of Tabernaemontana recurva Roxb.

“…Adult earth worm (Pheretima posthuma) was used to perform the test because of its anatomical and physiological resemblance with intestinal round worm parasite [3]. Collected earthworms were 3-5 cm in length and 0.1-0.2 cm in width weighing 0.80-3.04 g. They were thoroughly washed with saline water.…”

“…Anthelmintic activity of the plant extract was evaluated by the previously described method [3] with necessary modifications. At first, different concentrations (10,20,30,40 and 50 mg/mL) of solution using methanol extract of T. recurva and reference standard solution of albendazole (25 mg/mL) were prepared separately.…”