<i>j</i> = 3/2 Quantum spin-orbital liquids

Abstract

I would also extend the acknowledgements to my family for all the support throghout these years. In special, I would like to thank my father, for his help in certain credit card transactions, and my brother, for being a good roommate and for giving me free rides to the bus station. Finally, I would like to give thanks to God and to the Seventh-Day Adventist communities in São Carlos and Stuttgart. As stated by the book of Ecclesiastes, there are infinitely many books one can read, because the number of themes that we can dedicate our thoughts are also infinite. If this causes frustration in relation to the finitude of life and our steady state of ignorance, this is also a testimony of the number of things that can give us a sense of awe about this world. I am grateful to add one more book about the complexity of phenomena observed even in the simplest things that exist. "Of making many books there is no end; and much study is a weariness of the flesh Let us hear the conclusion of the whole matter: Fear God, and keep his commandments: for this is the whole duty of man." Ecclesiastes 12:12,13

Degradation of the covalent carbon–carbon bond between fullerene‐C60 and poly(1,3‐cyclohexadiene)

“…The peaks around 146 ppm are assigned to the sp2 carbons on C 60 . 5,6 Furthermore, 13 C-NMR signals from the n-Bu and CHD groups are not observed in Figure 6(c). Consequently, the C 60 /DDH complex is thought to be formed.…”

“…As shown in Figure 2(a), the peaks around 146 and 37 ppm are assigned to the sp2 and sp3 carbons on C 60 . 5,6 The peaks at 130, 25, and 23 ppm correspond to the 1, 2, and 3 carbons on the cyclohexene ring of CHD, and the peaks at 30, 23, and 14 ppm are assigned to the 5, 4, and 6 carbons in the n-Bu group. The 13 Fig.…”

“…The synthesis of fullerene-C 60 (C 60 ) end-capped polymers (C 60 -polymers) is one of the most interesting subjects in basic polymer research and is a practical method to obtain new functional materials for a wide range of applications. For example, C 60 -polystyrene (C 60 -PSt), 1 C 60 -polyisoprene (C 60 -PIp), 1 C 60 -PIp-PSt block copolymer (C 60 -PIp-PSt), 2 C 60 -PSt-poly(1,3-cyclohexadiene) (PCHD) block copolymer (C 60 -PSt-PCHD), 3 C 60 -PCHD, 4 C 60 -poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (C 60 -PNVC), 5 and C 60 -poly(4-diphenylaminostyrene) (C 60 -PDAS) 6 were synthesized by the grafting reaction of polymer carbanions onto C 60 . Among the innumerable combinations of C 60 and polymers, C 60 -poly(para-phenylene) (C 60 -PPP) has been recognized as one of the most attractive structures, because excellent optical, electrical, and opto-electrical properties are expected from this polymer.…”

Bipolar polymer semiconductor blends of C60‐end‐capped poly(4‐diphenylaminostyrene) and poly(4‐diphenylaminostyrene): One‐pot synthesis and charge‐transport properties

“…Recently, we attempted the anionic polymerization of DAS to obtain PDAS with a well-defined polymer chain structure. [12][13][14][15] As a result, the first successful example of the living anionic polymerization of DAS with the tert-butyllithium (t-BuLi)/N,N,N 0 ,N 0 -tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) system was discovered (Scheme 1), 12 and the stereoregularity of PDAS was also revealed. 12,14 Subsequently, we examined the grafting reaction of the poly(4-diphenylaminostyryl)lithium (PDASLi)/TMEDA system with a fullerene (C 60 ), and C 60 -end-capped poly(4diphenylaminostyrene) (C 60 -PDAS), which consists of one PDAS molecule bonded to one C 60 molecule at the polymer chain end, was successfully prepared (Scheme 2).…”

“…12,14 Subsequently, we examined the grafting reaction of the poly(4-diphenylaminostyryl)lithium (PDASLi)/TMEDA system with a fullerene (C 60 ), and C 60 -end-capped poly(4diphenylaminostyrene) (C 60 -PDAS), which consists of one PDAS molecule bonded to one C 60 molecule at the polymer chain end, was successfully prepared (Scheme 2). 13 With respect to C 60 -PDAS, it was expected that the C 60 molecule bound at the polymer chain end would have a strong effect on the charge-transport properties of PDAS because C 60 itself has excellent hole and electron drift mobility. 16 Therefore, the possibility that C 60 -PDAS as a bipolar polymer semiconductor could be used in organic field effect transistors and organic photovoltaic cells was examined.…”