&lt;i&gt;Prevotella&lt;/i&gt; Brain Abscesses and Stroke Following Dental Extraction in a Young Patient: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Wu, Pin-Chieh; Tu, Ming-Shium; Lin, Po-Hsiang; Chen, Yao-Shen; Tsai, Hung-Chin

doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.53.1299

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…These bacteria cause polymicrobial opportunistic oral and extra oral infections. Anaerobic bacteria such as Porphyromonas gingivalis , Treponema denticola , Fusobacterium nucleatum , Prevotella intermedia, Campylobacter rectus , Prevotella nigrescens , Parvimonas micra, and Eubacterium nodatum cause periodontal diseases, odontogenic abscesses, orofacial infections, and have been implicated in brain abscesses 26 , 31 . Some of these bacteria are also isolated from sputum samples collected from patients with cystic fibrosis and ICU patients with aspiration pneumonia 17 , 21 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of cfxA2, cfxA3, and cfxA6 genes in beta-lactamase producing oral anaerobes

Binta

Patel

2016

J. Appl. Oral Sci.

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Purpose The aim of this study was to identify β-lactamase-producing oral anaerobic bacteria and screen them for the presence of cfxA and BlaTEM genes that are responsible for β-lactamase production and resistance to β-lactam antibiotics.Material and Methods Periodontal pocket debris samples were collected from 48 patients with chronic periodontitis and anaerobically cultured on blood agar plates with and without β-lactam antibiotics. Presumptive β-lactamase-producing isolates were evaluated for definite β-lactamase production using the nitrocefin slide method and identified using the API Rapid 32A system. Antimicrobial susceptibility was performed using disc diffusion and microbroth dilution tests as described by CLSI Methods. Isolates were screened for the presence of the β-lactamase-TEM (BlaTEM) and β-lactamase-cfxA genes using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Amplified PCR products were sequenced and the cfxA gene was characterized using Genbank databases.Results Seventy five percent of patients carried two species of β-lactamase-producing anaerobic bacteria that comprised 9.4% of the total number of cultivable bacteria. Fifty one percent of β-lactamase-producing strains mainly Prevotella, Porphyromonas, and Bacteroides carried the cfxA gene, whereas none of them carried blaTEM. Further characterization of the cfxA gene showed that 76.7% of these strains carried the cfxA2 gene, 14% carried cfxA3, and 9.3% carried cfxA6. The cfxA6 gene was present in three Prevotella spp. and in one Porphyromonas spp. Strains containing cfxA genes (56%) were resistant to the β-lactam antibiotics.Conclusion This study indicates that there is a high prevalence of the cfxA gene in β-lactamase-producing anaerobic oral bacteria, which may lead to drug resistance and treatment failure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of cfxA2, cfxA3, and cfxA6 genes in beta-lactamase producing oral anaerobes

Binta

Patel

2016

J. Appl. Oral Sci.

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“…By correlating changes in oral microbial abundance with the smoking-related brain FNC component, we identified several microbiota related to brain function. Prevotella oris (class Bacteroidia ), a common gram-negative, anaerobic bacterium of the normal oral flora has been associated with the development of brain absences and other neurological syndromes (i.e., Lemierre’s syndrome) through production of IgA proteases to promote virulence and initiate an immune response [71, 72]. Another member of the class Bacteroidia, genus Bacteroides , has the ability to produce complex, pro-inflammatory neurotoxins that may induce inflammation in oral cavity and further contribute to development of inflammation in the brain, increasing brain-blood-barrier permeability through the circulatory system [73].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between the oral microbiome and brain resting state connectivity in smokers

Lin

Hutchison

Portillo

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Recent studies have shown a critical role of the gastrointestinal microbiome in brain and behavior via the complex gut–microbiome–brain axis, however, the influence of the oral microbiome in neurological processes is much less studied, especially in response to the stimuli in the oral microenvironment such as smoking. Additionally, given the complex structural and functional networks in brain system, our knowledge about the relationship between microbiome and brain function in specific brain circuits is still very limited. In this pilot work, we leveraged next generation microbial sequencing with functional neuroimaging techniques to enable the delineation of microbiome-brain network links as well as their relationship to cigarette smoking. Thirty smokers and 30 age- and sex- matched non-smokers were recruited for measuring both microbial community and brain functional networks. Statistical analyses were performed to demonstrate the influence of smoking on the abundance of the constituents within the oral microbial community and functional network connectivity among brain regions as well as the associations between microbial shifts and the brain functional network connectivity alternations. Compared to non-smokers, we found a significant decrease in beta diversity (p = 6×10−3) in smokers and identified several classes (Betaproteobacteria, Spirochaetia, Synergistia, and Mollicutes) as having significant alterations in microbial abundance. Taxonomic analyses demonstrate that the microbiota with altered abundance are mainly involved in pathways related to cell processes, DNA repair, immune system, and neurotransmitters signaling. One brain functional network connectivity component was identified to have a significant difference between smokers and nonsmokers (p = 0.033), mainly including connectivity between brain default network and other task-positive networks. The brain functional component was also significantly associated with some smoking related oral microbiota, suggesting a potential link between smoking-induced oral microbiome dysbiosis and brain functional connectivity, possibly through immunological and neurotransmitter signaling pathways. This work is the first attempt to link oral microbiome and brain functional networks, and provides support for future work in characterizing the role of oral microbiome in mediating smoking effects on brain activity.

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“…P. intermedia, P. nigrescens, P. pallens, P. oris) are among the most dominant and prevalent bacteria isolated from dental abscesses and their severe complications due to bacterial spreading [11,12], as: brain [13,14], liver [15] or lung abscesses [16], mediastinitis [17], necrotizing fasciitis [17,l8], Ludwig's angina [19] and sepsis [20]. In facial cellulitis of dental origin, Prevotella was reported as the most frequently isolated anaerobic bacteria [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic susceptibility of 33 Prevotella strains isolated from Romanian patients with abscesses in head and neck spaces

et al. 2015

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<i>Prevotella</i> Brain Abscesses and Stroke Following Dental Extraction in a Young Patient: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Cited by 19 publications

References 29 publications

Detection of cfxA2, cfxA3, and cfxA6 genes in beta-lactamase producing oral anaerobes

Detection of cfxA2, cfxA3, and cfxA6 genes in beta-lactamase producing oral anaerobes

Correlation between the oral microbiome and brain resting state connectivity in smokers

Antibiotic susceptibility of 33 Prevotella strains isolated from Romanian patients with abscesses in head and neck spaces

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