<p class="Body">A revision of Centaurea sect. Cynaroides (Asteraceae, Cardueae—Centaureinae)

Abstract

The taxonomic status of the taxa known to belong to Centaurea sect. Cynaroides and its close relatives was revised on the basis of herbarium specimens from the authors’ expeditions and other collections. It is established that Boissier is the correct author for C. sect. Cynaroides, and C. regia is designated as a lectotype of this section. Thirty seven species are recognised in the section. Three new species (C. kamalnejadii, C. mozaffarianii, and C. zarrei), four new subspecies (C. amadanensis subsp. ranjbarii, C. cataonica subsp. syriaca, C. gigantea subsp. rechingeri, and C. kurdica subsp. ciliata) and two varieties (C. regia var. longispinosa and C. regia var. purpurea) are described. Two subspecies are reduced to the variety rank, and two varieties are elevated to the subspecies rank. Centaurea sect. Paraphysis is reduced as a synonym of C. sect. Cynaroides. Centaurea onopordifolia is transferred from C. sect. Cynaroides to a new section, i.e. C. sect. Cardueae. Three lectotypes are designated, six lectotypes from previous lectotypifications are rejected and the author names for six species are corrected. The recognized taxa, the relevant synonyms, type details, examined specimen lists, full descriptions and a taxonomic key are provided for this section. Distribution maps are provided for each sections, species, subspecies and varieties. Images of the type specimens of all taxa and also photos of the species in its natural habitat and related fields are provided. Five chromosome counts (2n = 18) are reported for C. amadanensis subsp. amadanensis, C. amadanensis subsp. gymnoclada, C. nemecii, C. regia var. regia, and C. regia var. purpurea. Biogeographical distribution and ecology of taxa of C. sect. Cynaroides are presented and discussed. In addition, cytotaxonomy, homoploidy and evolution of C. sect. Cynaroides are illustrated and discussed. Finally, the pollination of C. sect. Cynaroides is illustrated, and also images of the pollinators of some species of the section are provided.

Centaurea kirikkalensis (Asteraceae), a new species from Turkey

“…As stated in Flora of Turkey, pappus and appendage characters are extremely important in distinguishing the sections and species within Centaurea (Wagenitz 1975). Moreover, achene features, capitulum length and width are often used for separation of closely related taxa (Bona 2014, Uysal and Hamzaoğlu 2017, Negaresh and Rahiminejad 2018, Negaresh 2019).…”

“…According to Uysal (2012), Centaurea has 195 taxa in Turkey. Since then, 17 new taxa and three new records from Turkey have been published (Yıldırımlı 2012, Köse and Alan 2013, Bancheva et al 2014, Duran et al 2014, Bancheva and Kaya 2015, Bona 2015a, 2016, Negaresh et al 2015, Yüzbaşıoğlu et al 2015, Kültür et al 2016, Pınar 2016, Uysal et al 2016, 2017, Uysal and Hamzaoğlu 2017, Behçet et al 2017, Armağan and Uysal 2018, Negaresh and Rahiminejad 2018, Yıldırımlı 2018, Şirin et al 2019, 2020, Hamzaoğlu and Koç 2020). Thus, this genus currently comprises 218 taxa in Turkey, 130 of which are endemic so the endemism rate is about 60% (Hamzaoğlu and Koç 2020).…”

Variation of Phenolic and Pigment Composition Depending on Soil Type in Three Serpentinovag Plant Species

“…It is a species that spreads on rocky limestone slopes, dry steppe, fallow fields, roadsides. The genus Centaurea L. spreads around the world with 750 species in Asia, North Africa, America and Europe (Nagaresh & Rahiminejad, 2018). Turkey also has 255 taxa of the genus Centaurea and endemism rate is 66.8%.…”

Taxonomic notes on Centaurea pseudoscabiosa (Asteraceae, Cardueae–Centaureinae) from Iran

“…; Negaresh et al. ; Negaresh & Rahiminejad , b, , ; Negaresh ) and aims at increasing the knowledge about taxonomy and geographical distribution of a common species of section Acrocentron namely C. pseudoscabiosa Boiss. & Buhse in Iran.…”