<p class="Body">Effects of cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos and piperonyl butoxide-based pour-on and spray acaricides on controlling the tick Rhipicephalus microplus

Abstract

The objective of the study was to investigate the efficacy of cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos and piperonyl butoxide based pour-on and spray acaricides for the control of Rhipicephalus microplus in a naturally infested cattle herd. Fifty eight male Brangus cattle in the rearing phase were divided into treated (28) and untreated (30) groups. The treated group was subdivided in treated with a pour-on acaricide (13) and treated with a spray acaricide (15). Every 18 days, tick counts, acaricide treatment, weighing and clinical observation were performed on the animals, totaling four evaluation time points. The adult immersion tests were used for in vitro analysis of the study population to different chemical bases was assessed for primary results. Tick counts were separately compared between groups at each time point using the Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon tests. Significantly fewer number of ticks were observed on the treated group compared to control group and also on the sprayed subgroup compared to pour-on subgroup (p&lt;0.05). Our results indicate that the chemical treatment evaluated directly affects the number of ticks parasitizing animals and that products employing a spray application method may be more effective in controlling cattle ticks.

Use of anti-tick drugs in dairy farms in the microregion of Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil

“…Rodrigues et al (2018) when using a product composed of cypermethrin (15 g) + chlorpyrifos (25 g) + citronellal (1 g), observed an average efficacy of 35% in Brangus animals and 51% in Nelore cows. Higa et al, (2019) evaluated the effectiveness of the association cypermethrin + chlorpyrifos + piperonylbutoxide, observed a reduction in the number of ticks parasitizing Brangus cows after application. According to Campos & Oliveira (2005), despite the fact that organophosphates are older products and with reports of resistance worldwide, this chemical group associated with pyrethroids can be used effectively, if a functioning tick management program is implemented.…”

Acaricides Resistance in Ticks: Selection, Diagnosis, Mechanisms, and Mitigation

“…Different acaricides have specific targets and different modes of action, which affects the reproduction, growth and survival of various tick species ( Klafke et al., 2017 ; Klafke et al., 2019 ). Spraying, washing, pouring, and injections are the different methods for the application of acaricides on host animals ( Food and Agriculture Organization, 2004 ; Higa et al., 2019 ). Incorrect dilution, inappropriate application, persistent use and overdosing are the main factors that hasten acaricide resistance selection in ticks ( Aguilar-Tipacamu et al., 2011 ; Abbas et al., 2014 ).…”

Bioeconomic simulation of Rhipicephalus microplus infestation in different beef cattle production systems in the Brazilian Cerrado

“…Strategic control through the application of acaricides and based on the tick's life cycle, reduces the population of these parasites, is economically viable, and contributes to the improvement of the genetic potential of more sensitive breeds, making the production system more efficient (Andreotti et al, 2019;Calvano et al, 2019). In addition, the cost of chemical control and the emergence of acaricide resistant populations of R. microplus in the production system (Jonsson, 2006;Higa et al, 2019;Burrow et al, 2019) have contributed even more to the losses caused by ticks (Jonsson, 2006;Grisi et al, 2014;Calvano et al, 2019). Estimates suggest that the total loss attributed to R. microplus infestation of cattle in Brazil is approximately US $3,2 billion per year (Grisi et al, 2014).…”