&lt;p&gt;A Review on the Synthesis and Functionalization of Gold Nanoparticles as a Drug Delivery Vehicle&lt;/p&gt;

Amina, Sundus Jabeen; Guo, Bin

doi:10.2147/ijn.s279094

Cited by 347 publications

(258 citation statements)

References 327 publications

(287 reference statements)

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“…The presented research results indicated a high potential for the development of nanoformulations using inorganic carriers, especially gold ones, due to their stability, multifunctionalisation, and ability to be used in PPTT [ 41 ]. Improving drug delivery systems with pentacyclic triterpenoids will “shift” research from preclinical to clinical trials that will determine the potential for their accurate use in oncological practice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanoformulations for Delivery of Pentacyclic Triterpenoids in Anticancer Therapies

2021

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The search for safe and effective anticancer therapies is one of the major challenges of the 21st century. The ineffective treatment of cancers, classified as civilization diseases, contributes to a decreased quality of life, health loss, and premature mortality in oncological patients. Many natural phytochemicals have anticancer potential. Pentacyclic triterpenoids, characterized by six- and five-membered ring structures, are one of the largest class of natural metabolites sourced from the plant kingdom. Among the known natural triterpenoids, we can distinguish lupane-, oleanane-, and ursane-types. Pentacyclic triterpenoids are known to have many biological activities, e.g., anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. Unfortunately, they are also characterized by poor water solubility and, hence, low bioavailability. These pharmacological properties may be improved by both introducing some modifications to their native structures and developing novel delivery systems based on the latest nanotechnological achievements. The development of nanocarrier-delivery systems is aimed at increasing the transport capacity of bioactive compounds by enhancing their solubility, bioavailability, stability in vivo and ensuring tumor-targeting while their toxicity and risk of side effects are significantly reduced. Nanocarriers may vary in sizes, constituents, shapes, and surface properties, all of which affect the ultimate efficacy and safety of a given anticancer therapy, as presented in this review. The presented results demonstrate the high antitumor potential of systems for delivery of pentacyclic triterpenoids.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PEGylation may be used to achieve the greater safety of AuNPs. Due to their properties, such as their high surface area to volume ratio, stability, multifunctionalisation, easy synthesis, and ability to photothermically convert, gold particles comprise one of the most interesting candidates in anticancer therapy [ 40 , 41 ].…”

Section: Drug Delivery Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoformulations for Delivery of Pentacyclic Triterpenoids in Anticancer Therapies

2021

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“…We developed Dox DDSs using PrP C aptamer-functionalized AuNPs. Many similar studies on the development of AuNP-based Dox DDSs have been reported [51]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…We developed Dox DDSs using PrP C aptamer-functionalized AuNPs. Many similar studies on the development of AuNP-based Dox DDSs have been reported [51]. Ramalingam et al developed Dox DDSs by loading Dox into polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)stabilized AuNPs [52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

PrPC Aptamer Conjugated–Gold Nanoparticles for Targeted Delivery of Doxorubicin to Colorectal Cancer Cells

Lee

Yoon

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Anticancer drugs, such as fluorouracil (5-FU), oxaliplatin, and doxorubicin (Dox) are commonly used to treat colorectal cancer (CRC); however, owing to their low response rate and adverse effects, the development of efficient drug delivery systems (DDSs) is required. The cellular prion protein PrPC, which is a cell surface glycoprotein, has been demonstrated to be overexpressed in CRC, however, there has been no research on the development of PrPC-targeting DDSs for targeted drug delivery to CRC. In this study, PrPC aptamer (Apt)-conjugated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were synthesized for targeted delivery of Dox to CRC. Thiol-terminated PrPC-Apt was conjugated to AuNPs, followed by hybridization of its complementary DNA for drug loading. Finally, Dox was loaded onto the AuNPs to synthesize PrPC-Apt-functionalized doxorubicin-oligomer-AuNPs (PrPC-Apt DOA). The PrPC-Apt DOA were spherical nanoparticles with an average diameter of 20 nm. Treatment of CRC cells with PrPC-Apt DOA induced reactive oxygen species generation by decreasing catalase and superoxide dismutase activities. In addition, treatment with PrPC-Apt DOA inhibited mitochondrial functions by decreasing the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha, complex 4 activity, and oxygen consumption rates. Compared to free Dox, PrPC-Apt DOA decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis of CRC cells to a greater degree. In this study, we demonstrated that PrPC-Apt DOA targeting could effectively deliver Dox to CRC cells. PrPC-Apt DOA can be used as a treatment for CRC, and have the potential to replace existing anticancer drugs, such as 5-FU, oxaliplatin, and Dox.

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“…During the recent developments in nanomedicine, gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) have emerged as interesting tools in the field of drug-delivery systems (DDS) due to their low toxicity, stability, easy synthesis and reproducibility [1]. Au NPs are able to link therapeutic molecules on their surface by covalent or noncovalent bonding or by a previous functionalization of Au NPs and release the drug only in a specific site without damaging the healthy tissue [2].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Gold Nanoparticles Improve Delivery Performance of Polymeric Drug-Delivery Systems?

2021

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<p>A Review on the Synthesis and Functionalization of Gold Nanoparticles as a Drug Delivery Vehicle</p>

Cited by 347 publications

References 327 publications

Nanoformulations for Delivery of Pentacyclic Triterpenoids in Anticancer Therapies

Nanoformulations for Delivery of Pentacyclic Triterpenoids in Anticancer Therapies

PrPC Aptamer Conjugated–Gold Nanoparticles for Targeted Delivery of Doxorubicin to Colorectal Cancer Cells

Can Gold Nanoparticles Improve Delivery Performance of Polymeric Drug-Delivery Systems?

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