<p>Anti-tumor effect of chitin oligosaccharide plus cisplatin in vitro and in vivo</p>

Abstract

BackgroundLung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in human beings, and cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapy drug, but its clinical application is limited because of its dose-dependent toxicity and drug resistance. Chitin is known to have various biological activities including anti-tumor, but the insoluble feature in common solvents greatly restricts its application. Chitin oligosaccharide is a small water-soluble molecule degraded from chitin without any toxic effect.MethodsChitin oligosaccharide was adopted to investigate the effects on lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells and tumor xenografts of nude mice. The experiments were divided into control group, chitin oligosaccharide group, cisplatin group and combination group. MTS assay, cell scratch test and migration assay were used to observe the proliferation and migration of A549 cells, and Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of caspase8, caspase3 and BAK. Ki67 and P53 expressions of tumor xenografts were detected to explore the effects of drugs on tumor prognosis.ResultsThe results in vitro showed that chitin oligosaccharides could inhibit the proliferation and migration of A549 cells, and the effect was superior to chitin oligosaccharide or cisplatin when combined with cisplatin. Chitin oligosaccharide plus cisplatin up-regulated the expression level of caspase8 and caspase3, while had minor influence on the expression level of BAK. In vivo experiments showed that chitin oligosaccharide plus cisplatin could down-regulate the expression level of Ki67, while had minor influence on the expression level of P53.ConclusionThe study demonstrated that chitin oligosaccharide plus cisplatin had positive synergistic effects, and it is possible to improve the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients by up-regulating the expression level of caspase8, caspase3 and down-regulating the expression level of Ki67.

Chitin oligosaccharides for the food industry: production and applications

“…Masuda et al [23] found that oral administration of CHOS could inhibit tumor growth by stimulating the production of serum interleukin-12p70 and interferon-γ in colon cancer mice. CHOS were reported to inhibit the proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells and improve tumor xenografts in nude mice [22]. The administration effects of CHOS combined with cisplatin were better than the exclusive use of them, which increased the BAK, caspase8, and caspase3 expression, and reduced that of Ki67, but with minor influence on P53.…”

“…The bio-based specialized high-value CHOS products not only retain the features of acetyl groups in chitin, but also derive many other excellent biological properties (such as antibacterial [18,19], immunoprotective [20,21], antitumor activities [22,23], and improving intestinal health [24,25], contributing to their applications, especially in the food industry. However, CHOS obtained by the current methods Therefore, separation and purification technologies are vital for high purity products with a single DP or a specific range of DPs.…”

Production of chitin‐ and chitosan‐oligosaccharide using the edible insect, Tenebrio molitor

“…Studies have shown that low molecular weight chitosan-oligosaccharide has anti-inflammatory effects (Li et al 2018) and immune boosting action (Yang et al 2019), in addition to being anti-tumor (Liu et al 2019;Park 2009;Wu et al 2012), antidiabetic (Zhao et al 2017), antihypertensive (Park et al 2011), and anti-hyperlipidemic (Cho et al 2011). Further, N-acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc), a monosaccharide in chitin, is known to prevent joint diseases, promote wound healing, and have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties (Kariya et al 2010;Zhang et al 2013).…”

“…2019), in addition to being anti‐tumor (Liu et al . 2019; Park 2009; Wu et al . 2012), antidiabetic (Zhao et al .…”