&lt;p&gt;Cancer-Derived Transforming Growth Factor-β Modulates Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Ampullary Cancer&lt;/p&gt;

Li, Cheng; Chao, Yei-Chin; Wang, Chih‐Yang; Phan, Nam Nhut; Chen, Yi Ling; Wang, Tzu Wen; Hsu, Hui‐Ping; Lin, Yih Jyh; Shan, Yan Shen; Lai, Ming Derg

doi:10.2147/ott.s246714

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…TGF- β , as a pleiotropic cytokine, exerts dual functions in cancer. Flow-cytometric analysis shows that recombinant TGF- β upregulates the expression of M2 markers in THP-1 cells, which points to the involvement of the TGF- β -mediated pathway in the regulation of macrophage phenotypes [ 75 ]. TGF- β induces M2-like polarization through Snail mediation, where downstream SMAD2/3 and PI3K/AKT signaling activation is indispensable [ 76 ].…”

Section: Macrophage Polarizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Roles of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Prostate Cancer

Han

Deng

et al. 2022

Journal of Oncology

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The morbidity of prostate cancer (PCa) is rising year by year, and it has become the primary cause of tumor-related mortality in males. It is widely accepted that macrophages account for 50% of the tumor mass in solid tumors and have emerged as a crucial participator in multiple stages of PCa, with the huge potential for further treatment. Oftentimes, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) behave like M2-like phenotypes that modulate malignant hallmarks of tumor lesions, ranging from tumorigenesis to metastasis. Several clinical studies indicated that mean TAM density was higher in human PCa cores versus benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and increased biopsy TAM density potentially predicts worse clinicopathological characteristics as well. Therefore, TAM represents a promising target for therapeutic intervention either alone or in combination with other strategies to halt the “vicious cycle,” thus improving oncological outcomes. Herein, we mainly focus on the fundamental aspects of TAMs in prostate adenocarcinoma, while reviewing the mechanisms responsible for macrophage recruitment and polarization, which has clinical translational implications for the exploitation of potentially effective therapies against TAMs.

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Section: Macrophage Polarizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Roles of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Prostate Cancer

Han

Deng

et al. 2022

Journal of Oncology

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“…High-throughput technologies are widely used as systemic approaches to explore differences in expressions of thousands of genes for both biological and genomics systems [ 18 – 20 ]. It is well recognized that many upregulated and downregulated genes are associated with oncogenic or tumor-suppressive functions in cancer development [ 21 – 26 ]. Nevertheless, a holistic approach to exploring messenger (m)RNA levels of the entire PSMC family in breast cancer has not been conducted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognoses and genomic analyses of proteasome 26S subunit, ATPase (PSMC) family genes in clinical breast cancer

Kao

Phan

et al. 2021

Aging

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Breast cancer is a complex disease, and several processes are involved in its development. Therefore, potential therapeutic targets need to be discovered for these patients. Proteasome 26S subunit, ATPase gene (PSMC) family members are well reported to be involved in protein degradation. However, their roles in breast cancer are still unknown and need to be comprehensively researched. Leveraging publicly available databases, such as cBioPortal and Oncomine, for high-throughput transcriptomic profiling to provide evidence-based targets for breast cancer is a rapid and robust approach. By integrating the aforementioned databases with the Kaplan–Meier plotter database, we investigated potential roles of six PSMC family members in breast cancer at the messenger RNA level and their correlations with patient survival. The present findings showed significantly higher expression profiles of PSMC2, PSMC3, PSMC4, PSMC5, and PSMC6 in breast cancer compared to normal breast tissues. Besides, positive correlations were also revealed between PSMC family genes and ubiquinone metabolism, cell cycle, and cytoskeletal remodeling. Meanwhile, we discovered that high levels of PSMC1, PSMC3, PSMC4, PSMC5, and PSMC6 transcripts were positively correlated with poor survival, which likely shows their importance in breast cancer development. Collectively, PSMC family members have the potential to be novel and essential prognostic biomarkers for breast cancer development.

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“…Ampullary adenocarcinomas are a rare periampullary cancer with 5-year cancer-specific survival rates of 30%~50% 36 - 38 . Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy fails to improve survival 6 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α and the lipid metabolism pathway promotes carcinogenesis of ampullary cancer

Wang¹,

Chao²,

Chen³

et al. 2021

Int. J. Med. Sci.

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Ampullary cancer is a rare periampullary cancer currently with no targeted therapeutic agent. It is important to develop a deeper understanding of the carcinogenesis of ampullary cancer. We attempted to explore the characteristics of ampullary cancer in our dataset and a public database, followed by a search for potential drugs. We used a bioinformatics pipeline to analyze complementary (c)DNA microarray data of ampullary cancer and surrounding normal duodenal tissues from five patients. A public database from the National Center for Biotechnology Information Gene Expression Omnibus (NCBI GEO) was applied for external validation. Bioinformatics tools used included the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID), MetaCore, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), Hallmark, BioCarta, Reactome, and Connectivity Map (CMap). In total, 9097 genes were upregulated in the five ampullary cancer samples compared to normal duodenal tissues. From the MetaCore analysis, genes of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha ( PPARA ) and retinoid X receptor ( RXR )-regulated lipid metabolism were overexpressed in ampullary cancer tissues. Further a GSEA of the KEGG, Hallmark, Reactome, and Gene Ontology databases revealed that PPARA and lipid metabolism-related genes were enriched in our specimens of ampullary cancer and in the NCBI GSE39409 database. Expressions of PPARA messenger (m)RNA and the PPAR-α protein were higher in clinical samples and cell lines of ampullary cancer. US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs, including alvespimycin, trichostatin A (a histone deacetylase inhibitor), and cytochalasin B, may have novel therapeutic effects in ampullary cancer patients as predicted by the CMap analysis. Trichostatin A was the most potent agent for ampullary cancer with a half maximal inhibitory concentration of < 0.3 μM. According to our results, upregulation of PPARA and lipid metabolism-related genes are potential pathways in the carcinogenesis and development of ampullary cancer. Results from the CMap analysis suggested potential drugs for patients with ampullary cancer.

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<p>Cancer-Derived Transforming Growth Factor-β Modulates Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Ampullary Cancer</p>

Cited by 14 publications

References 35 publications

The Roles of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Prostate Cancer

The Roles of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Prostate Cancer

Prognoses and genomic analyses of proteasome 26S subunit, ATPase (PSMC) family genes in clinical breast cancer

Upregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α and the lipid metabolism pathway promotes carcinogenesis of ampullary cancer

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