&lt;p&gt;Cannabidiol as a Novel Therapeutic for Immune Modulation&lt;/p&gt;

Peyravian, Nadia; Deo, Sapna K.; Daunert, Sylvia; Jiménez, Joaquín J.

doi:10.2147/itt.s263690

Cited by 44 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 89 publications

(119 reference statements)

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“…59 It also prevents NLRP3/inflammasome pathway activation and suppresses the gene expression of downstream proteins, thus decreasing the production of IL-1β. 94 The selective activation of CB2 receptors induces IL-10 by increasing its production by macrophages, 95 downregulates NF-κB 92 (it is known that IL-10 production is increased in cannabis users), 96 and reduces the LPS-induced up-regulation of the genes associated with inflammation in macrophages. 85 THC inhibits interferon (IFN)-gamma secretion, which is also inhibited by CBD 11,59 both directly (by means of a transcriptional mechanism) and indirectly by suppressing the expression of IFN-gamma receptors and increasing the IFN-gamma-induced genes that subsequently attenuate other immune targets.…”

Section: Medical Cannabis and The Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis and Autoimmunity: Possible Mechanisms of Action

Giorgi

Marotto

Batticciotto

et al. 2021

ITT

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Medical cannabis (MC) describes the usually inhaled or ingested use of a cannabis plant or cannabis extract for medicinal purposes. The action of whole cannabis plants is extremely complex because their large number of active compounds not only bind to a plethora of different receptors but also interact with each other both synergistically and otherwise. Renewed interest in the medicinal properties of cannabis has led to increasing research into the practical uses of cannabis derivatives, and it has been found that the endocannabinoid system (particularly CB2 receptor activation) is a possible target for the treatment of inflammatory and the autoimmune diseases related to immune cell activation. However, in vivo findings still lack, creating difficulties in applying translational cannabinoid research to human immune functions. In this review, we summarized the main mechanisms of action of medical cannabis plant especially regarding the immune system and the endocannabinoid system, looking at preliminary clinical data in three most important autoimmune diseases of three different specialities: rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and inflammatory bowel disease.

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Section: Medical Cannabis and The Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis and Autoimmunity: Possible Mechanisms of Action

Giorgi

Marotto

Batticciotto

et al. 2021

ITT

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“…Several lines of evidence strongly support the general immunomodulatory properties of CBD, which is an established anti-inflammatory agent endowed even with some immunosuppressive properties (reviewed in Nichols and Kaplan ( 2020 ) and in Peyravian et al ( 2020 )). In agreement with such favourable premises, our systematic review retrieved a total of 20 in vivo and ex vivo / in vitro studies of CBD in preclinical models of MS, all in rodents and including several different animal models of EAE, consistently pointing to CBD as effective in reducing the clinical and histological severity of EAE in animals, as well as to inhibit relevant encephalitogenic cellular activities in in vitro models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Immunomodulatory Potential of Cannabidiol in Multiple Sclerosis: a Systematic Review

Furgiuele

Cosentino

Ferrari

et al. 2021

J Neuroimmune Pharmacol

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. Efficacy of treatments for MS is associated with risk of adverse effects, and effective and well-tolerated drugs remain a major unmet need. Cannabis (Cannabis sativa L., fam. Cannabaceae) and cannabinoids are popular among MS patients to treat spasticity and pain. Cannabinoids are endowed with remarkable immunomodulating properties, and in particular the non-psychotropic cannabinoid cannabidiol (CBD) is increasingly recognized as anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive, nevertheless with excellent tolerability even at high doses. In this systematic review, we retrieved and critically evaluated available evidence regarding the immune and disease-modifying effects of CBD in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and in MS. Evidence in rodent models of EAE strongly supports CBD as effective, while clinical evidence is still limited and usually negative, due to paucity of studies and possibly to the use of suboptimal dosing regimens. Better characterization of targets acted upon by CBD in MS should be obtained in ex vivo/in vitro studies in human immune cells, and higher doses should be tested in well-designed clinical trials with clinically relevant efficacy endpoints.

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“…Thus, this model allowed us to characterize the effect of CBD on canine inflammatory response. As previously seen in other species, CBD is known to modulate cytokines’ secretion from immune cells and thus modulate several pathways in immune function [ 12 , 13 ]. We focused on the levels of the major regulating cytokines, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-10.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effect of Cannabidiol (CBD) on Canine Inflammatory Response: An Ex Vivo Study on LPS Stimulated Whole Blood

Gugliandolo

Licata

Peritore

et al. 2021

Veterinary Sciences

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The use of cannabidiol (CBD) for animal species is an area of growing interest, for example for its anti-inflammatory and immuno-modulating properties, even though all of its biological effects are still not fully understood, especially in veterinary medicine. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory and immuno-modulating properties of CBD for the first time directly in canine inflammatory response. We used an ex vivo model of LPS-stimulated whole dog blood. We stimulated the whole blood from healthy dogs with LPS 100 ng/mL for 24 h in the presence or not of CBD 50 and 100 μg/mL. We observed a reduction in IL-6 and TNF-α production from the group treated with CBD, but non-altered IL-10 levels. Moreover, we also observed from the CBD-treated group a reduction in Nf-κB and COX-2 expression. In conclusion, we demonstrated for the first time the anti-inflammatory and immuno-modulating properties of CBD directly in dogs’ immune cells, using a canine ex vivo inflammatory model. The results obtained from these studies encourage further studies to better understand the possible therapeutic role of CBD in veterinary medicine.

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<p>Cannabidiol as a Novel Therapeutic for Immune Modulation</p>

Cited by 44 publications

References 89 publications

Cannabis and Autoimmunity: Possible Mechanisms of Action

Cannabis and Autoimmunity: Possible Mechanisms of Action

Immunomodulatory Potential of Cannabidiol in Multiple Sclerosis: a Systematic Review

Effect of Cannabidiol (CBD) on Canine Inflammatory Response: An Ex Vivo Study on LPS Stimulated Whole Blood

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