<p>CD5-negative chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma in a patient with gastrointestinal mantle cell lymphoma: an unusual case report</p>

Abstract

Richter’s syndrome, the development of high-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL), may be triggered by viral infections (eg, Epstein–Barr virus infection). Herein, we report an unusual case of CD5-negative CLL/SLL patient with gastrointestinal mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) and hepatitis B virus infection. CLL/SLL was diagnosed based on lymph node immunohistochemistry and bone marrow pathology. This patient was treated with seven cycles of multi-agent chemotherapy. During treatment, the hepatitis B viruses were activated. Then, after 20 months of antiviral treatment with entecavir, he developed abdominal discomfort and abdominal lymphadenopathy and was diagnosed with MCL based on intestinal biopsy. This work indicates that the hepatitis B virus in patients with CLL/SLL may accelerate the progress or transformation to MCL.

CD5‐negative chronic lymphocytic leukemia: Does this entity really exist?

“…Nevertheless, it appears that the current state of global laboratory practice for the diagnosis of CLL does not follow this position, as the label "CD5-negative chronic lymphocytic leukemia" is still being used in the practice of hematologists, and cited in recent scientific publications, giving the false impression that there are sufficient data to unquestionably establish this diagnosis (Albakr et al, 2018;Basabaeen et al, 2022;Batata & Shen, 1992;Cartron et al, 1998;Chen et al, 2019;Criel et al, 1994Criel et al, , 1999De Rossi et al, 1993;Demir et al, 2017;Deneys et al, 2001;Döhner et al, 2000;Efstathiou et al, 2002;Faguet et al, 1992;Geisler et al, 1991;Huang et al, 1999;Hwang et al, 2009;Ikematsu et al, 1994;Ivancevi c et al, 2014;Keung et al, 2002;Kim et al, 1999;Kurec et al, 1992;Lennert et al, 1991;Li et al, 2021;Maloum et al, 1995Maloum et al, , 1997Matutes et al, 1996;Morice et al, 2008;Myles et al, 2021;Que et al, 1993;Rawstron et al, 2016;Salomon-Nguyen et al, 1995;Shapiro et al, 1999;Sheikh et al, 2002;Specchia et al, 2002;Urbaniak et al, 2022;Yamada et al, 1995;Yan et al, 2020).…”