&lt;p&gt;Detection of Rickettsia Endosymbiont Bemisia Tabaci in the Amputated Limbs of Three Buerger’s Disease Patients&lt;/p&gt;

Fazeli, Bahare; Mirhosseini, Seyed Ali; Hashemi, Zahra Sadat; Taheri, Hossein

doi:10.2147/imcrj.s225839

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…intimal thickening with inflammatory cell infiltration, has been observed in vessel walls in lower extremity amputation specimens of patients with Buerger’s disease and Rickettsia infection. 16 Given the current available literature, the findings in this case series of patients is more likely an infectious angiitis due to COVID-19.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Endotheliitis in Coronavirus Disease 2019–Positive Patients After Extremity Amputation for Acute Thrombotic Events

Ilonzo

Kumar

Borazan

et al. 2021

Annals of Vascular Surgery

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Introduction Both arterial and venous thrombotic events of the extremities occur in COVID-19 infection, but the etiology of these events remains unclear. This study sought to evaluate pathology specimens of COVID-19 positive patients post-amputation, who were found to have Rutherford 3 acute limb ischemia requiring amputation. Methods A retrospective review was performed of all vascular surgery emergency room and inpatient consultations in patients who presented to the Mount Sinai Health System from March 26, 2020 to May 10, 2020. Pathology specimens were examined using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain. The specimens were assessed for the following: inflammatory cells associated with endothelium/apoptotic bodies, mononuclear cells, small vessel congestion, and lymphocytic endotheliitis. Of the specimens evaluated, two patients with a known history of peripheral vascular disease were excluded. Results Inflammatory cells associated with endothelium/apoptotic bodies were seen in all four patients and in four out of five specimens. Mononuclear cells were found in two out of four patients. Small vessel congestion was seen in all patients. Lymphocytic endotheliitis was seen in one out of four patients. Conclusion This study shows endotheliitis in amputation specimens of four patients with COVID-19 disease and Rutherford Class 3 acute limb ischemia. The findings in these patients is more likely an infectious angiitis due to COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Endotheliitis in Coronavirus Disease 2019–Positive Patients After Extremity Amputation for Acute Thrombotic Events

Ilonzo

Kumar

Borazan

et al. 2021

Annals of Vascular Surgery

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“…The disease typically presents in patients <45 years of age, with young men being more frequently affected, but TAO can also occur in women (3,16). Surgical revascularization is usually not feasible in patients with TAO because of the distal and diffuse nature of the disease (16)(17)(18). Additional therapeutic options for the treatment of TAO have been limited to vasodilators, intermittent pneumatic compression, spinal cord stimulation, and peripheral periarterial sympathectomy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbal therapy treatment in thromboangiitis obliterans: a retrospective clinical study

Li¹,

Zefr²,

Yang³

et al. 2020

Ann Palliat Med

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Background: Critical limb ischemia in patients with thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO, Buerger's disease) is associated with refractory rest pain, gangrene, and increased rates of amputation. Tuoju lotion was prepared by the Pharmacy Department of Dongfang Hospital. The focus of the study is to elicit the efficacy of the addition of Herbal therapy treatment to conventional treatment in TAO patients with severe extremity pain and to assess any statistically significant benefits in patient's pain control at rest. We fund that the addition of herbal therapy treatment can augment conventional treatments in TAO patients by improving or eliminating intermittent claudication symptoms, prolonging claudication distance, and reducing total blood viscosity. At the same time, Tuoju lotion can improve microcirculation status in the short term. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of topical Herbal therapy treatment on patient outcomes in patients with TAO.Methods: Seventy patients with TAO treated between January 2009 and July 2019 were included in a retrospective analysis of a single university hospital vascular center. Forty patients received topical herbal treatment in addition to conventional therapy and were compared to a control group who received standard treatment alone (n=30).Results: Patients in both, the experimental and control group, were matched according to age and gender.There was no significant difference in course of disease and past medical history between the two groups.The mean ankle brachial index (ABI), toe pressure, and blood viscosity were also similar in both groups. Rest pain score (baseline VAS 4.76±2.87, post-treatment 3.32±1.29) and walking distance (baseline 169.7±23.6 m, post-treatment 284.5±32.3 m) significantly improved in the herbal treatment group. ABI values improved and total blood viscosity decreased in both groups with no significant difference between the herbal and conservative treatment arms. However, the arterial blood pressure ratio in the lower extremity stage showed no difference between the superficial femoral artery and the popliteal artery.Conclusions: The addition of Herbal therapy treatment to conventional treatment in TAO patients with severe extremity pain was associated with a reduction of rest pain and intermittent claudication.

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“…However, until recently, two pathogens attracted the attention: oral bacteria and rickettsial infection. Although the high immunoglobulin titer against oral bacteria and rickettsia has been reported, it is not evaluated in the routine practice for TAO diagnosis [129,130].…”

Section: Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Updates and Advances in Winiwarter-Buerger Disease (Thromboangiitis Obliterans): Biomolecular Mechanisms, Diagnostics and Clinical Consequences

et al. 2021

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Thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) or Buerger’s disease is a segmental inflammatory, thrombotic occlusive peripheral vascular disease with unknown aetiology that usually involves the medium and small-sized vessels of young male smokers. Due to its unknown aetiology and similarities with atherosclerosis and vasculitis, TAO diagnosis is still challenging. We aimed to review the status of biomolecular and laboratory para-clinical markers in TAO compared to atherosclerosis and vasculitis. We reported that, although some biomarkers might be common in TAO, atherosclerosis, and vasculitis, each disease occurs through a different pathway and, to our knowledge, there is no specific and definitive marker for differentiating TAO from atherosclerosis or vasculitis. Our review highlighted that pro-inflammatory and cell-mediated immunity cytokines, IL-33, HMGB1, neopterin, MMPs, ICAM1, complement components, fibrinogen, oxidative stress, NO levels, eNOS polymorphism, adrenalin and noradrenalin, lead, cadmium, and homocysteine are common markers. Nitric oxide, MPV, TLRs, MDA, ox-LDL, sST2, antioxidant system, autoantibodies, and type of infection are differential markers, whereas platelet and leukocyte count, haemoglobin, lipid profile, CRP, ESR, FBS, creatinine, d-dimer, hypercoagulation activity, as well as protein C and S are controversial markers. Finally, our study proposed diagnostic panels for laboratory differential diagnosis to be considered at first and in more advanced stages.

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<p>Detection of Rickettsia Endosymbiont Bemisia Tabaci in the Amputated Limbs of Three Buerger’s Disease Patients</p>

Abstract: Until recently, the aetiology of Buerger's disease (BD) has been unknown. Although

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Endotheliitis in Coronavirus Disease 2019–Positive Patients After Extremity Amputation for Acute Thrombotic Events

Endotheliitis in Coronavirus Disease 2019–Positive Patients After Extremity Amputation for Acute Thrombotic Events

Herbal therapy treatment in thromboangiitis obliterans: a retrospective clinical study

Recent Updates and Advances in Winiwarter-Buerger Disease (Thromboangiitis Obliterans): Biomolecular Mechanisms, Diagnostics and Clinical Consequences

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