<p>Development and Validation of Nomograms for Predicting the Prognosis of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients Based on 379 Chinese Patients</p>

Abstract

Purpose: We aimed to construct universally applicable nomograms incorporating prognostic factors to predict the prognosis of patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Patients and methods: Clinicopathological data of 379 patients with TNBC from March 2008 to June 2014 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. The endpoints were disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Patients were randomly divided into a training group and an independent validation group. In the training group, the prognostic factors were screened to develop nomograms. C-index and calibration curves were used to evaluate the predictive accuracy and discriminative ability of nomograms in both groups. The accuracy of the nomograms was also compared with the traditional American Joint Committee on Cancer Tumor-Node-Metastasis anatomical stage (8th edition). Results: Four prognostic factors (albumin-to-globulin ratio, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, positive lymph nodes, and tumor size) were used to construct the nomogram of DFS. In addition to the aforementioned factors, age was taken into account in the construction of the OS nomogram. The C-index of the DFS nomogram in the training and validation groups was 0.71 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.64-0.77) and 0.69 (95% CI: 0.58-0.79), respectively; the C-index of the OS nomogram was 0.77 (95% CI: 0.70-0.84) and 0.74 (95% CI: 0.62-0.86), respectively. This suggests that the nomograms had high accuracy. Moreover, calibration curves showed good consistencies in both groups. Our models showed superiority in predicting accuracy compared with the AJCC TNM staging system. Furthermore, two web pages of the nomograms were produced: DFS: https://sh-skipper.shinyapps.io/TNBC1/; OS: https://sh-skipper.shinyapps.io/TNBC2/. Conclusion: These predictive models are simple and easy to use, particularly the web versions. They have certain clinical value in predicting the prognosis of patients with TNBC. They can assist doctors in identifying patients at different prognostic risks and strengthen the treatment or follow-up accordingly.

Establishment and Validation of Prognostic Nomograms Based on Serum Copper Level for Patients With Early-Stage Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

“…These findings suggest that our prognostic models have a better predictive accuracy. Additionally, despite the TNM staging system, several predictive models were explored according to inflammatory status, tumor marker, stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, gene signature and so on with C-index from 0.69 to 0.77 ( Shi et al, 2019 ; Yang et al, 2019 ; Zheng et al, 2020 ), compared with these models, our predictive nomogram achieved a comparative prognostic accuracy, and is more economic and convenient. Moreover, our study innovatively proposes a prognostic model in view of the impact of trace element copper with clinicopathological factors.…”

A Novel Prognostic Model Based on the Serum Iron Level for Patients With Early-Stage Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

“…According to our time-dependent ROC curves, the predictive accuracy of our prognostic model was higher than that of the traditional TNM staging system in the training cohort and SYSUCC-001 cohort, which suggests that our nomogram might be a potential supplement to the traditional TNM staging system. Besides, except from the TNM staging system, a series of prognostic models based on inflammatory status, tumor marker, stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and kinds of gene signature have been explored with C-index ranging 0.69–0.77 ( Shi et al, 2019 ; Yang et al, 2019 ; Zheng et al, 2020 ), compared with them, our prognostic models achieved a comparative predictive accuracy, and was more cost-efficient and convenient. As far as we know, our study is the first to propose a predictive model integrating the impact of trace element iron with clinicopathological features.…”

Prognostic nomogram for surgery of lung cancer in HIV-infected patients

“…To quantify the discrimination performance of the nomogram, Harrell's C-index was measured. The nomogram was subjected to bootstrapping validation (1,000 bootstrap re-samples) to calculate a relatively corrected C-index (12)(13)(14). P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.…”