<p>Diffuse multibacillary leprosy patient with Lucio&rsquo;s phenomenon and positive anticardiolipin antibody misdiagnosed as lupus erythematosus panniculitis in the People&rsquo;s Republic of China</p>

Abstract

Lucio’s phenomenon (LP) is a special reactional state associated with diffuse multibacillary leprosy; both exhibit a limitative global distribution mainly in Mexico and Central America. We report a case of a 28-year-old female leprosy patient in the People's Republic of China, together with LP and positive anticardiolipin antibody, characterized by vascular thrombosis and invasion of blood vessel walls by leprosy bacilli, causing extensive skin ulcers and followed by a large number of atrophic scars.

Effect of Antiphospholipid in Iraqi Women Undergoing Icsi Technique

“…The reason the anti-phospholipid antibody (IgG-IgM) concentration increase in the miscarriage women and the pregnancy failure group may be because coagulation syndrome is a blood clotting disorder that causes blood to clot in the capillaries, which may be because of the lack of blood flow and into the uterus, This leads to a weak endometrium, and thus, reduces fetal consistency in the uterus, which increases the possibility of miscarriage or pregnancy failure, while in the case of continuing the pregnancy (control group). The anti-phospholipid antibody (IgG-IgM) level is low, which means that no thrombus in the capillaries, and thus the blood flow is normal and therefore so that the fetus is a strong adhesion due to the strength of the inner lining of the uterus, which leads to the lack of miscarriage, and these results are consistent with other researches (Gao et al ., 2019 ) and (Mansour et al ., 2020) they showed that the increase in the level of anti-phospholipids antibody (IgG-IgM) in aborted women during the first trimester of pregnancy, compared with non-pregnant women, was about 15 %.…”

Diffuse multibacillary leprosy with Lucio’s phenomenon in east Lombok, west Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

“…In addition, prognosis and mortality are variable due to not many of the cases that have been reported [3,5] . Gao et al [11] result combination MDT-MB with prednisolone 1 mg/kg/day caused partial resolution of skin lesion. Some literature reported thalidomide and pentoxifylline are accepted for the FL cases as well [7,12] .…”

“…Histopathological examination was obtained from a skin biopsy and will show are a granulomatous inflammation (foamy macrophage cells or Virchow cells), epidermal and dermal necrosis, endothelial proliferation, vasculitis, obliteration, occlusion of the lumen and thrombosis of medium sized blood vessels in the superficial and mid dermis. In AFB and Fite-Farco staining, M. leprae colonization was found on endothelial, interstitial, and foam cells [2][3][4][5][6][11][12] . A study conducted in Malaysia reported that up to 44% of LP cases seen initially in primary care were misdiagnosed [3] .…”

“…Our patient was initially diagnosed with fungal infection and then being suspected with a drug allergic reaction in Public Health Centre. Other differential diagnoses of LP include vasculonecrotic erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL), cutaneous vasculitis, pyoderma gangrenosum, connective tissue disease, cryoglobulinemia, cutaneous tuberculosis, and dermal mycoses [2,5,11] . ENL is most commonly confused with LP but the clinical and histopathological features may aid in differentiating the two, which ENL is frequently associated with constitutional symptoms, neuritis, and visceral involvement (iridocyclitis, hepatitis, and orchitis).…”

“…The dosage used is 0.5-1 mg/kg/day. Systemic antibiotics are allowed if a secondary infection is suspected [2][3][4][5]11] . Sharma et al [2] reported short-term administration of systemic corticosteroids can control the immune reaction in the early phase of the disease, especially in severe cases.…”