<p>In vitro Antioxidant and in vivo Wound Healing Activities of the 80% Methanol Extract and Solvent Fractions of Seeds of <em>Brassica carinata</em> A. Braun (Brassicaceae) in Mice</p>

Abstract

Background: Brassica carinata is one of the traditional medicinal plants used in Ethiopia for the treatment of wounds and other diseases. However, the plant has not been scientifically validated, and thus the present study evaluated the in vitro anti-oxidant and the in vivo wound healing activity of the crude extract and solvent fractions of B. carinata seeds in mice. Materials and Methods: The crude extract was prepared by maceration using 80% methanol and formulated as 5% and 10% w/w ointments for topical application. The acute dermal toxicity was performed in female albino rats based on Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guideline number 434. Excision and incision wound healing models were used to evaluate the wound healing activities of crude extract and solvent fractions ointments in mice. Wound healing parameters such as wound area contraction and the period of epithelialization were determined in an excision model, whereas tensile strength was determined in an incision model. Moreover, the crude extract and solvent fractions were evaluated for the free radical scavenging activities in DPPH assay. Results: The acute dermal toxicity test showed that a limit dose of 2,000 mg/kg of 10% w/w crude extract ointment did not cause dermal toxicity in mice. In the excision wound model, the data revealed that 10% w/w ointment exhibited a significant wound contraction (from day 6 to 16, P<0.001) effect with a significant decrease in epithelization period (at day 14, P<0.001). In addition, 5% ointment of the crude extract showed a significant effect in wound contraction (from day 8 onwards, P<0.01) and epithelization period (at day 16, P<0.01). Despite all fractions being shown to promote wound healing, 10% w/w aqueous and ethyl acetate fractions showed a significant wound contraction (P<0.001) effect starting from the 4th day onwards. Besides, the maximum antioxidant activity was seen in the aqueous fraction with an IC50 value of 3.45±0.12 mg/mL. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that the 80% methanol extract and solvent fractions of the seeds of B.carinata possess potential wound healing and anti-oxidant effects, supporting the traditional use of the plant for wound management.

Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Skin Regenerative Potential of Secondary Metabolites from Plants of the Brassicaceae Family: A Systematic Review of In Vitro and In Vivo Preclinical Evidence (Biological Activities Brassicaceae Skin Diseases)

“…The age of the animals ranged from 6 to 10 weeks (50%; n = 6), and this information was not reported in 50% of the studies ( n = 6). Animal weight ranged from 20 to 250 g in 66.67% of the studies ( n = 8), and from 280 to 319 g in 25% ( n = 3), and this information was not reported in two studies (16.67%; n = 2) ( Table S2 ) [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ].…”

“…Possibly, this choice is due to different behaviors associated with the hormonal cycles of females, which can compromise the results of experiments. In addition, females are more sensitive to acute oral toxicity, as well as dermal toxicity, than males [ 14 ]. The age groups of the animals were similar, which is an important feature for studies evaluating wound healing and even intrinsically in studies of the inflammatory process, since aging rats influence the formation of new vessels, wound closure, re-epithelialization, and the resolution of the inflammatory process [ 34 ], due to the activity of enzymes that break down with aging [ 37 ].…”

“…This finding is fortified by previous review studies on bioactive phytochemicals of the species Brassica var. B. nigra , B. juncea , B. oleracea , and B. rapa [ 14 ].…”

“…Green: low risk of bias; yellow: unclear risk of bias; and red: high risk of bias. References of the articles in the figure: [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ].…”

Toksisitas Akut Dermal Ekstrak Tanaman Sebagai Bagian dalam Aspek Keamanan Obat Herbal Terstandar Topikal

“…Tanaman-tanaman yang telah diuji toksisitas akut dermal sebagai hewan uji [3]. Uji toksisitas beberapa penelitian dilakukan menggunakan hewan uji tikus Sprague-Dawley [6,36,37], tikus Wistar [8,9,[38][39][40][41][42][43], dan tikus Rattus albus [44]. Penggunaan hewan uji ini selaras dengan pedoman OECD No.…”