&lt;p&gt;Issues with Intravitreal Administration of Anti-VEGF Drugs&lt;/p&gt;

Schargus, Marc; Фрингс, Андреас

doi:10.2147/opth.s207978

Cited by 40 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…For the treatment of wet AMD, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy is a unique, effective treatment option. However, long-term intravitreal injections of an anti-VEGF agent is needed, which can cause complications including ocular hypertension, inflammation, retinal detachment and hemorrhage [ 4 , 5 ]. Moreover, a therapeutic strategy for dry AMD has not yet been established [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Marker GRP78 in the Normal Retina and Retinal Degeneration Induced by Blue LED Stimuli in Mice

Park

Kim

Lee

et al. 2021

Cells

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Retinal degeneration is a leading cause of blindness. The unfolded protein response (UPR) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response that affects cell survival and death and GRP78 forms a representative protective response. We aimed to determine the exact localization of GRP78 in an animal model of light-induced retinal degeneration. Dark-adapted mice were exposed to blue light-emitting diodes and retinas were obtained at 24 h and 72 h after exposure. In the normal retina, we found that GRP78 was rarely detected in the photoreceptor cells while it was expressed in the perinuclear space of the cell bodies in the inner nuclear and ganglion cell layers. After injury, the expression of GRP78 in the outer nuclear and inner plexiform layers increased in a time-dependent manner. However, an increased GRP78 expression was not observed in damaged photoreceptor cells in the outer nuclear layer. GRP78 was located in the perinuclear space and ER lumen of glial cells and the ER developed in glial cells during retinal degeneration. These findings suggest that GRP78 and the ER response are important for glial cell activation in the retina during photoreceptor degeneration.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Marker GRP78 in the Normal Retina and Retinal Degeneration Induced by Blue LED Stimuli in Mice

Park

Kim

Lee

et al. 2021

Cells

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“…10 It is available both as a glass vial and a single-use prefilled syringe with 0.165 mL, delivering 50 μL of protein solution with a concentration of 120 mg/mL. 11 The concentration of the active ingredient is 3 to 12 times higher than that of the other agents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Syringes With Intravitreal Anti-VEGF Drugs: Particle Burden and Protein Aggregates in Brolucizumab, Aflibercept and Bevacizumab

Schargus

Kopp

Helbig³

et al. 2021

Trans. Vis. Sci. Tech.

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In a benchwork particle counting analytical evaluation, the number and type of particles in intravitreal injection formulations of three different agents against vascular endothelial growth factor were investigated.Methods: Commercially available ready-to-use aflibercept and brolucizumab glass syringes, vials containing bevacizumab (off-label use in ophthalmology), and repackaged ready-to-use plastic syringes containing bevacizumab were tested without filtration. Total visible, subvisible, and nanoparticles numbers and size distributions were quantified using light obscuration, flow imaging, resonant mass measurement (RMM), tunable resistive pulse sensing, and dynamic light scattering.Results: Repackaged bevacizumab showed overall low particle numbers, aflibercept showed high numbers of micrometer sized particles but low nanoparticle numbers, brolucizumab showed low to moderate numbers of micrometer sized particles but high nanoparticle numbers. RMM measurements identified particles in the nanometer range as either proteinaceous or silicon oil; the nature of the other particles was not further evaluated. Conclusions:Repackaged bevacizumab shows no inferior particle quality compared to ready-to-use products. It is relevant to study nanoparticle load of the products as the micrometer-sized particle numbers do not in all cases correlate to nanoparticle counts. Particularly for the high concentration product Beovu (brolucizumab), high nanoparticle numbers were found despite low numbers of micrometer sized particles. Silicone oil droplets did not account for high particle numbers as the measured numbers were low.Translational Relevance: Different side effects are registered in different frequencies with different intravitreal anti-VEGF-drugs and syringes, which are applied by injection by small 30G needles through the sclera directly to the intravitreal cavity. The study of nanoparticles and silicone oil droplets may be able to contribute to narrowing down the causes.San Francisco, CA), aflibercept (Eylea; Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY), bevacizumab (Avastin; Roche Pharma AG, Grenzach-Whylen, Germany), and brolucizumab (Beovu; Novartis Europharm Limited, Dublin, Ireland). All these agents have demonstrated high efficacy to reduce vision loss and improve visual acuity in different retinal vascular

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“…9 Intravitreal Anti VEGF has varying response in the treatment of chronic CSR and can cause complications like increased intraocular pressure, intraocular inflammation and endophthalmitis. 10 Because of above mentioned risks, sub-threshold micropulse laser treatment (SMT) can be a safe and effective alternative.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sub-Threshold Micro Pulse Laser (810NM): Treatment for Chronic Central Serous Retinopathy

Kashif¹,

Uzair²,

Feroz³

et al. 2021

pak J Ophthalmol

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Purpose: To find the effectiveness of sub-threshold (810nm) micropulse diode laser treatment (SMT) in chronic central serous retinopathy (CSR). Study Design: Interventional case series. Place and Duration of Study: Layton Rahmatulla benevolent trust eye hospital, from April 2019 to July 2020. Methods: The patients of chronic CSR (≥ 6 months) participated in the study. We used Spectral Domain Optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) to record baseline central retinal thickness (CT). Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was recorded with Snellen’s chart and converted to Log MAR for statistical analysis. All patients underwent treatment with sub-threshold laser (810nm) in micropulse mode with 5% duty cycle (DC). Results: Twenty five eyes with chronic CSR were enrolled in the study. The patients were treated with laser and final assessment was made at 6 months. Mean BCVA at presentation was 0.46 Log MAR ± 0.12 and a mean baseline CT of 362.2 μm ± 32.6µm. At final follow-up there was a mean decrease in CT of 97.2 μm ± 21.8 from the baseline. After treatment mean BCVA was 0.33 Log MAR ± 0.12 and mean CT was 266 μm ± 20.9. Nineteen out of twenty-five eyes (76%) achieved a gain of vision between 1 to 3 lines and gain of 3 lines was achieved in 8% of cases. At the final follow-up there was incomplete resolution of sub retinal fluid in 4 eyes (16%) with no improvement in BCVA. Conclusion: SMT (810 nm) is an effective and minimally invasive treatment modality for chronic CSR. Key Words: Sub-Threshold micropulse laser, Central serous retinopathy, Central retinal thickness, sub retinal fluid.

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<p>Issues with Intravitreal Administration of Anti-VEGF Drugs</p>

Cited by 40 publications

References 53 publications

Expression of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Marker GRP78 in the Normal Retina and Retinal Degeneration Induced by Blue LED Stimuli in Mice

Expression of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Marker GRP78 in the Normal Retina and Retinal Degeneration Induced by Blue LED Stimuli in Mice

Comparison of Syringes With Intravitreal Anti-VEGF Drugs: Particle Burden and Protein Aggregates in Brolucizumab, Aflibercept and Bevacizumab

Sub-Threshold Micro Pulse Laser (810NM): Treatment for Chronic Central Serous Retinopathy

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