&lt;p&gt;Lentigo Maligna: Clinical Presentation and Appropriate Management&lt;/p&gt;

Iznardo, Helena; Garcia‐Melendo, Cristina; Yélamos, Oriol

doi:10.2147/ccid.s224738

Cited by 33 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 157 publications

(201 reference statements)

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“…It was demonstrated that imiquimod upregulates the OGFr, thus amplifying the signaling axis between MENK and its receptor, augmenting the previously described antitumor properties [ 287 ]. Imiquimod has been successfully applied in the treatment of melanoma as presented in a large number of recent case reports [ 288 , 289 , 290 , 291 ]. Additionally, the topical use of imiquimod for melanoma cutaneous metastases has been well documented, concluding that it is useful in selected cases and is generally well tolerated [ 292 ].…”

Section: Neuropeptides and Melanomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroendocrine Factors in Melanoma Pathogenesis

Scheau

Drăghici

Ilie

et al. 2021

Cancers

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Melanoma is one of the most aggressive skin cancers with a sharp rise in incidence in the last decades, especially in young people. Recognized as a significant public health issue, melanoma is studied with increasing interest as new discoveries in molecular signaling and receptor modulation unlock innovative treatment options. Stress exposure is recognized as an important component in the immune-inflammatory interplay that can alter the progression of melanoma by regulating the release of neuroendocrine factors. Various neurotransmitters, such as catecholamines, glutamate, serotonin, or cannabinoids have also been assessed in experimental studies for their involvement in the biology of melanoma. Alpha-MSH and other neurohormones, as well as neuropeptides including substance P, CGRP, enkephalin, beta-endorphin, and even cellular and molecular agents (mast cells and nitric oxide, respectively), have all been implicated as potential factors in the development, growth, invasion, and dissemination of melanoma in a variety of in vitro and in vivo studies. In this review, we provide an overview of current evidence regarding the intricate effects of neuroendocrine factors in melanoma, including data reported in recent clinical trials, exploring the mechanisms involved, signaling pathways, and the recorded range of effects.

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Section: Neuropeptides and Melanomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroendocrine Factors in Melanoma Pathogenesis

Scheau

Drăghici

Ilie

et al. 2021

Cancers

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“…Several noninvasive imaging procedures such as reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), dermoscopy, and Wood's lamp may improve LM/LMM diagnostic precision, help in biopsy site selection, improve margin delineation, and serve as a useful tool for treatment monitoring [ 29 ]. RCM develops horizontal quasi-histological images using near-infrared laser light.…”

Section: Noninvasive Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and Management of Lentigo Maligna: Clinical Presentation and Comprehensive Review

Naik¹

2021

Journal of Skin Cancer

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Lentigo maligna (LM), also known as Hutchinson’s melanotic freckle, is a form of in situ melanoma characterized by the proliferation of atypical melanocytes along the basal epidermis in sun-damaged skin. If left untreated, LM will progress to lentigo maligna melanoma (LMM), a form of invasive melanoma with the same prognosis as other forms of invasive melanoma. LM is more common in the elderly, with a peak occurrence between the ages of 65 and 80 years. LM, however, is rarely present on the trunk and extremities. The diagnosis of LM, confirmed by histopathological and biopsy examination, is based on clinical and dermoscopic features. It typically begins as a tan-brown macule or patch, but it can progress to a variegated pigmentation with dark black color or even amelanotic characteristics. The risk factors involved in the LM development include a history of sunburns, lighter skin types, advanced age, history of nonmelanoma skin cancers, and tendency to form solar lentigines. This article explains the clinical presentation of LM, also reviews the available information on the diagnosis and management of LM, and discusses the potential of such information in facilitating the future prospective.

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“…LM is biologically a very slow-growing melanoma occurring on the chronically sun-exposed skin of the head and neck region. LM is characterized by a long radial growth phase in which it is a melanoma in situ; then, after years, became invasive and confer risk of metastatic disease (Lentigo Maligna Melanoma, LMM) [18,82].…”

Section: High-csd Melanomas/lentigo Maligna Melanomamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rarely, LM can also present as an amelanotic/hypomelanotic macule or patch, especially in fair-skinned individuals. With time, LM may evolve into papules, nodules, or thick plaques becoming LMM [18,82].…”

Section: Clinical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dermoscopic Criteria, Histopathological Correlates and Genetic Findings of Thin Melanoma on Non-Volar Skin

Massone

Hofman-Wellenhof

Chiodi

et al. 2021

Genes

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Dermoscopy is a non-invasive, in vivo technique that allows the visualization of subsurface skin structures in the epidermis, at the dermoepidermal junction, and in the upper dermis. Dermoscopy brought a new dimension in evaluating melanocytic skin neoplasms (MSN) also representing a link between clinical and pathologic examination of any MSN. However, histopathology remains the gold standard in diagnosing MSN. Dermoscopic–pathologic correlation enhances the level of quality of MSN diagnosis and increases the level of confidence of pathologists. Melanoma is one of the most genetically predisposed among all cancers in humans. The genetic landscape of melanoma has been described in the last years but is still a field in continuous evolution. Melanoma genetic markers play a role not only in melanoma susceptibility, initiation, and progression but also in prognosis and therapeutic decisions. Several studies described the dermoscopic specific criteria and predictors for melanoma and their histopathologic correlates, but only a few studies investigated the correlation among dermoscopy, pathology, and genetic of MSN. The aim of this work is to review the published data about dermoscopic features of melanoma, their histopathological correlates with regards also to genetic alterations. Particularly, this review will focus on low-CSD (cumulative sun damage) melanoma or superficial spreading melanoma, high-CSD melanoma, and nevus-associated melanoma.

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<p>Lentigo Maligna: Clinical Presentation and Appropriate Management</p>

Cited by 33 publications

References 157 publications

Neuroendocrine Factors in Melanoma Pathogenesis

Neuroendocrine Factors in Melanoma Pathogenesis

Diagnosis and Management of Lentigo Maligna: Clinical Presentation and Comprehensive Review

Dermoscopic Criteria, Histopathological Correlates and Genetic Findings of Thin Melanoma on Non-Volar Skin

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