<p>LncRNA SNHG11 Promotes Proliferation, Migration, Apoptosis, and Autophagy by Regulating hsa-miR-184/AGO2 in HCC</p>

Abstract

Background: The most common malignant tumor of the digestive system is HCC. However, the mechanism and pathogenesis of HCC occurrence and progress are still unknown. LncRNA is closely related to the occurrence and progress of HCC. It is important to investigate the effect and role of lncRNA in HCC. Materials and Methods: LncRNA microarray assay was used to screen the differential expression profile of lncRNA. SNHG11, miR-184 and GO2 expression was analyzed by RT-PCR. The ability of SNHG11 to serve as a sponge for miRNA and the fact that miR-184 directly targets mRNA were revealed by dual luciferase assay and RIP. Apoptosis and autophagy related proteins were detected by Western blot. Cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and apoptosis were detected by CCK-8 assay, wound healing assay, transwell assay, and flow cytometry. Results: LncRNA microarray assay and RT-PCR results revealed that the expression of SNHG11 was increased in HCC tumor tissues and also upregulated in HCC cells. SNHG11 had a connection with poor survival rate in HCC. In addition, dual luciferase assay and RIP results revealed that SNHG11 serves as a sponge for miR-184 and miR-184 directly targets AGO2. Pearson correlation analysis showed that SNHG11 with miR-184 and miR-184 with AGO2 were negative correlations, and SNHG11 with AGO2 was a positive correlation. Cell function assay and Western blot showed SNHG4/miR-184/AGO2 regulatory loop was critical for HCC cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and autophagy. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that the expression of SNHG11 is higher in HCC; moreover, SNHG11 promotes proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and autophagy by regulating AGO2 via miR-184 in HCC. Our verification of the role of SNHG11 may provide a novel biomarker for the diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis of HCC.

RP11‑284F21.9 promotes lung carcinoma proliferation and invasion via the regulation of miR‑627‑3p/CCAR1

“…The interaction between RP11-284F21.9 and miR-627-3p, and the interaction between miR-627-3p and CCAR1 were demonstrated by the dual-luciferase assay. Although this method has been used to validate RNA-RNA interactions in previous studies (26)(27)(28), other assays, such as RNA pull-down and RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation that would provide more direct evidence for the RNA-RNA and RNA-protein interactions, should be performed.…”

The Roles of ceRNAs-Mediated Autophagy in Cancer Chemoresistance and Metastasis

“…Silencing of SNHG6 suppressed cell proliferation and invasion, and induced autophagy in osteosarcoma cells, possibly by sponging miR-26a-5p to restore the expression of its target ULK1 [ 68 ]. lncRNAs SNHG11 and SNHG15 induced proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and autophagy in HCC cells through sponging miR-184 [ 140 ] and miR-141 [ 141 ], respectively.…”

Long Non-Coding RNAs in Biliary Tract Cancer—An Up-to-Date Review

“…Several studies demonstrate that stress tolerance, which is induced through cytoprotective autophagy, can contribute to resistance against chemotherapeutics [203,204]. Regulation of autophagy involves lncRNAs [64,[205][206][207] which might also contribute to the development of chemoresistance [64]-an aspect that is especially interesting regarding BTC as BTC cells are often highly chemoresistant [64,208,209].…”