<p>miR-19a Is Involved In Progression And Malignancy Of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cells</p>

Abstract

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, single-stranded, non-coding RNAs acting as negative regulators of gene expression involved in a number of physiological processes. MiRNAs' expression is commonly dysregulated in many types of human tumor diseases and cancers, including thyroid cancers, and is often involved in tumor initiation and progression. miR-19a, a member of miR-17-92 cluster, has been demonstrated to promote cell growth in anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC), the most advanced and aggressive thyroid cancer. Purpose: In this work, we investigate the potential contribution of miR-19a in thyroid cancer cells poor prognosis and de-differentiation. Methods: We directly modulated the expression of miR-19a in papillary (PTC) and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cell lines through transfection of specific miR-19a mimic or inhibitor. Further, we performed gene expression analysis of specific genes to evaluate miR-19a association with cell cycle, differentiation, and poor prognosis. Results: Our data indicate that miR-19a overexpression in PTC cells significantly promotes cell growth, decreases the expression of differentiation genes and activates poor prognosis genes. Its inhibition in ATC cells reduces cell proliferation and the expression of genes related to poor prognosis but does not affect differentiation. Conclusion: Our findings reveal the existence of functional associations between miR-19a expression and thyroid cancer progression and malignancy suggesting miR-19a as a novel candidate therapeutic target for ATC.

Knockdown of lncRNA NEAT1 suppresses hypoxia-induced migration, invasion and glycolysis in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cells through regulation of miR-206 and miR-599

“…Recently, emerging studies have suggested that many other lncRNAs, such as PTCSC3 and HCP5, were dysregulated in ATC tissues and cells, implying that they might be promising biomarkers for ATC diagnosis [11,36]. Moreover, a group of miRNAs, including miR-19a and miR-483-3p, were reported to be involved in ATC progression, suggesting novel therapeutic targets for ATC treatment [37,38]. This study had led to a novel identification for the NEAT1/ miR-206 and NEAT1/miR-599 axis that might function as valuable diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ATC management in further personalized medicine.…”

Molecular Markers Guiding Thyroid Cancer Management

“…Moreover, miRNAs have been successfully demonstrated to be able to discriminate benign from malignant lesions in PTC (e.g., miRNA-221, miRNA-222, miRNA-181b, miRNA-146b) and FTC/HCC (e.g., miRNA 148b-3p, miRNA-484) and could be a guide to avoid unnecessary surgery [27,136,137]. Moreover, certain miRNAs were also identified in APC, such as miRNA-19a [26]. However, panels of miRNAs may have a higher sensitivity and specificity than single miRNA in distinguishing thyroid nodules [127,138].…”

“…An example of evolving biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis in TC are MicroRNAs (miRNA). By regulating target genes of various signalling pathways including gene expression of known oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes, they play a crucial role for cell differentiation, migration, invasion and even epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) [26][27][28]. Furthermore, different and distinct miRNA profiles were identified in different TC subtypes [28][29][30][31][32][33].…”

Roles of Non-Coding RNAs on Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinomas

“…Thus, miR-205 expression could be used as potential option in order to halt or inhibit both angiogenesis and EMT in ATC. miR-19a is involved in the progression of ATC [38]. A significant reduction of cell proliferation was noticed in miR-19a downregulated ATC cells (8505c).…”