&lt;p&gt;Molecular Investigations of Linezolid Resistance in Enterococci &lt;em&gt;OptrA&lt;/em&gt; Variants from a Hospital in Shanghai&lt;/p&gt;

Li, Pei; Yang, Yang; Xu, Xiaogang; Lin, Ding

doi:10.2147/idr.s251490

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…are known to produce low-level resistance to aminoglycosides by limiting drug uptake, which is associated with the proteins involved in electron transport [48]. More so, the OptrA gene implicated in linezolid resistance was found in only one isolate (2SIL2) however, it was unexpressed as the isolate was susceptible to linezolid (Table 1 and S2) as reported in study in China were OptrA was found in eighteen linezolid non-resistant enterococci [49].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A Genomic Snapshot of Enterococcus faecalis within Public Hospital Environments in South Africa

Shobo

Amoako

Allam

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Enterococci are among the most common opportunistic hospital pathogens. This study used whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and bioinformatics to determine the antibiotic resistome, genetic support, clones and phylogenetic relationship of Enterococcus faecalis isolated from hospital environments in South Africa. Isolates were recovered from 11 frequently touched sites by patients and healthcare workers in different wards at 4 levels of healthcare (A, B, C and D) in Durban, South Africa. Following microbial identification and antibiotic susceptibility tests. Of the 245 E. faecalis isolates identified, 38 were subjected to WGS on the Illumina MiSeq platform. The tet(M) (31/38, 82%) and erm(C) (16/38, 42%) genes were the most common antibiotic resistome found in isolates originating from the different hospital environments which corroborated with their antibiotic resistance phenotypes. The isolates harboured mobile genetic elements consisting of plasmids (n=11) and prophages (n=14), that were mostly clone-specific. Of note, a large number insertion sequence (IS) families were found with the IS3 (55%), IS5 (42%), IS1595 (40%) and Tn3 Transposon been the most predominate. Microbial typing using WGS data revealed 15 clones with 6 major sequence types (ST) belonging to ST16 (n =7), ST40 (n = 6), ST21 (n =5), ST126 (n = 3), ST23 (n =3) and ST386 (n=3). Phylogenomic analysis showed that the major clones were mostly conserved within specific hospital environments. However, further metadata insights revealed the complex intra-clonal spread of these E. faecalis major clones between the sampling sites within each specific hospital setting. The results of these genomic analyses will offer insights into E. faecalis in the hospital environments relevant in the design of optimal infection prevention strategies in hospital settings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A Genomic Snapshot of Enterococcus faecalis within Public Hospital Environments in South Africa

Shobo

Amoako

Allam

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“… 44 Furthermore, it is higher than strain isolated from Shanghai (0.5mg/L). 46 Despite the emergence of co-existence of optrA and poxtA worldwide, limited genetic context was identified and we hope to obtain more genomic data to explain whether there are other mechanisms or negative regulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of optrA-Mediated Linezolid Resistance in Enterococcus faecium: A Molecular Investigation in a Tertiary Hospital of Southwest China from 2014–2018

Miao¹,

Zou²,

Zhao³

et al. 2022

IDR

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Purpose: To investigate the potential mechanism and molecular characteristics of linezolidnon-sensitive Enterococcus faecium from a tertiary hospital in southwest China and characterize the relevant plasmids. Patients and Methods: Linezolid-non-sensitive Enterococcus faecium (LNSEFM) isolates collected from January 2014 to December 2018 were screened for resistant genes 23s rRNA, rplC, rplD, rplV, optrA, cfr, poxtA, by PCR. Molecular epidemiological analysis was performed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The optrA-and-poxtA co-harboring strain EFM_7150 was subjected to the whole genome sequencing (WGS) by Illumina HiSeq and Oxford Nanopore MinION. Results: A total of 15 LNSEFM with linezolid MICs ranging from 4 to 16 mg/L were identified. About 66.7% (10/15) of isolates were linezolid-resistant. About 46.7% (7/15) of strains were positive for optrA. Two types of optrA variants (P and EYDNDM) were identified. About 13.3% (2/15) of isolates had poxtA. 1 harbored a L22 protein alteration (Ser77Thr). One isolate coharbored optrA (EYDNDM variant) and poxtA. There was no mutation in the gene that encoded the ribosomal protein L3/L4 or the domain V of 23S rRNA. No cfr gene was detected. Based on WGS data, optrA was associated with Tn558 inserted to radC gene and poxtA was flanked by IS1216E. Conclusion:OptrA is primary mechanism in linezolid-resistant Enterococcus faecium. This is the first report ofoptrA variants P and EYDNDM identified in Enterococcus faecium and optrA-and-poxtA co-harboring Enterococcus faecium clinically in southwest China. Besides, Tn558 and IS1216Es may play an important role in the dissemination of optrA and poxtA, respectively. The findings revealed the potential threat to nosocomial infection by optrA and coexistence of optrA and poxtA in Enterococcus faecium. Thus, clinical surveillance of linezolid-resistant Enterococcus is urgently needed.

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“…Acquisition of linezolid resistance is also associated to Cfr and Cfr-like methylases (in Enterococcus case cfr(B) and cfr(D) ) [ 192 , 203 , 204 , 206 , 207 , 208 , 209 , 210 , 211 ], ABC-F proteins optrA [ 197 , 199 , 201 , 212 , 213 ] and the previously mentioned PoxtA [ 192 , 200 , 204 ]. The optrA gene seems to be the most frequent mechanism of resistance to linezolid in E. faecalis [ 204 , 212 ].…”

Section: Antibiotic Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Enterococcus Virulence and Resistant Traits Associated with Its Permanence in the Hospital Environment

et al. 2022

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Enterococcus are opportunistic pathogens that have been gaining importance in the clinical setting, especially in terms of hospital-acquired infections. This problem has mainly been associated with the fact that these bacteria are able to present intrinsic and extrinsic resistance to different classes of antibiotics, with a great deal of importance being attributed to vancomycin-resistant enterococci. However, other aspects, such as the expression of different virulence factors including biofilm-forming ability, and its capacity of trading genetic information, makes this bacterial genus more capable of surviving harsh environmental conditions. All these characteristics, associated with some reports of decreased susceptibility to some biocides, all described in this literary review, allow enterococci to present a longer survival ability in the hospital environment, consequently giving them more opportunities to disseminate in these settings and be responsible for difficult-to-treat infections.

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<p>Molecular Investigations of Linezolid Resistance in Enterococci <em>OptrA</em> Variants from a Hospital in Shanghai</p>

Cited by 16 publications

References 21 publications

A Genomic Snapshot of Enterococcus faecalis within Public Hospital Environments in South Africa

A Genomic Snapshot of Enterococcus faecalis within Public Hospital Environments in South Africa

Emergence of optrA-Mediated Linezolid Resistance in Enterococcus faecium: A Molecular Investigation in a Tertiary Hospital of Southwest China from 2014–2018

Enterococcus Virulence and Resistant Traits Associated with Its Permanence in the Hospital Environment

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