<p>Nanoparticle-based model of anti-inflammatory drug releasing LbL coatings for uncemented prosthesis aseptic loosening prevention</p>

Abstract

IntroductionThe only treatment for aseptic loosening is the replacement of the prosthesis through revision surgery. A preventive approach, achieved through anti-inflammatory drugs released from the device, has shown to be a viable strategy; however, the performance of these devices is not yet satisfactory thus further improvements are necessary.MethodsWe used titanium nanoparticles as a model for implant surfaces and developed a coating containing dexamethasone (DEX) using layer-by-layer deposition.ResultsThe amount of deposited drug depended on the number of layers and the release was sustained for months. The efficiency of the released DEX in reducing inflammation markers (tumor necrosis factor alpha and IL-6) produced by human monocytes and macrophages was similar to the pure drug at the same concentration without negative impacts on the viability and morphology of these cells.ConclusionThese coatings were not inferior to medical grade titanium (the standard material used in uncemented devices) regarding their ability to sustain osteoblasts and fibroblasts growth.

Layer-by-layer pH-sensitive nanoparticles for drug delivery and controlled release with improved therapeutic efficacy in vivo

“…Recently, multilayered liposome-polymer NPs prepared by layer-bylayer (LbL) deposition technique appear as the more promising nano-sized carriers for targeted drug delivery and controlled release (Ariga et al, 2014;Borges & Mano, 2014;Sakr et al, 2016;Olszyna et al, 2019). LbL NPs are constituted by a functional core for drug loading, a multifunctional polyelectrolyte multilayer for drug controlled release, and a stealth layer for extended circulation time and targeting effect (Yan et al, 2011;Alotaibi et al, 2019). For example, Deng et al prepared a multifunctional NP composed of liposome, polylactic acid (PLA) or polyetherimide (PEI) and hyaluronic acid (HA) via LbL technique for co-delivery of DOX and siRNA to treat the potential triple-negative breast cancer (Deng et al, 2013).…”

Long acting anti-infection constructs on titanium

“…Titanium oxide nanoparticles were functionalized with amino groups via silanation [44,45]; 1 g of TiO2 nanoparticles was dispersed in 15 mL of anhydrous toluene and 100 L of APTS were added to the suspension that was incubated for 24 h at room temperature under constant stirring. The amine functionalized TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2-NH2) were recovered through centrifugation (14000 rpm at 20 °C for 5 min (LE-80K Ultracentrifuge, Beckman Coulter, UK)) and subsequent wash in fresh toluene using a vortex mixer (WhirliMixer TM , Fisherbrand, UK).…”

“…The coating procedure was adapted from [44]; typically 1 g of TiO2-NH2 nanoparticles were placed into a test tube and with 20 mL of alginate solution; the mixture was homogenised for 10 min and the nanoparticles were collected by centrifuging at 5000 rpm, 20 °C for 2 min. The alginate-layered nanoparticles were washed with acetate buffer and centrifuged with the supernatant discharged.…”

“…The aqueous dispersion of the particles was drop-cast onto a carbon-coated copper grid that was dried at room temperature before loading into the microscope (direct deposition). The average particle size, size-distribution and morphology analysis of the samples was carried out from transmission electron micrographs using ImageJ for Windows (Version 1.50i) [15,44,46].…”

Smart Coatings Prepared via MAPLE Deposition of Polymer Nanocapsules for Light-Induced Release

“…Triggered release is one of the most exploited routes for those applications that require an active agent to be available only under specific conditions [ 7 , 8 ]. In this scenario, biomedical and pharmaceutical industries are in constant search of advanced systems for on-demand release of active agents, to design smart appliances such as bandages [ 9 ], prostheses [ 10 ], and other medical devices [ 11 ].…”