<p>Negative and positive self-thoughts predict subjective quality of life in people with schizophrenia</p>

Abstract

PurposeRecently, cognitive variables such as negative and positive self-belief and thoughts have attracted much attention because they are associated with functional outcomes and quality of life (QOL). However, it is unclear how cognitive variables affect subjective and objective QOL. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of negative and positive self-belief and thoughts with subjective and objective QOL.Participants and methodsThirty-six people with schizophrenia participated in this study. Subjective and objective QOL were assessed with the Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale (SQLS) and Quality of Life Scale (QLS), respectively. Neurocognitive function was assessed with the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS). Clinical symptoms were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia. Side effects were assessed with the Drug-induced Extrapyramidal Symptoms Scale (DIEPSS). Negative and positive self-belief and thoughts were assessed with the Defeatist Performance Belief Scale and Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire-Revised. A generalized linear model was tested, with subjective and objective QOL as the response variable and symptoms, neurocognitive function, and cognitive variables that were significantly correlated with subjective and objective QOL as explanatory variables.ResultsIn the schizophrenia group, the common objects score on the QLS was predicted by the composite BACS score, and the total QLS score was predicted by the DIEPSS score. Motivation and Energy, Psychosocial, and Symptoms and Side effects scores on the SQLS were predicted by depression and by negative automatic thought (NAT) and positive automatic thought (PAT).ConclusionOur results indicated that key targets for improving objective and subjective QOL in people with schizophrenia are side effects, neurocognitive function, depression, and NAT and PAT.

Defeatist performance beliefs in individuals at clinical high‐risk for psychosis and outpatients with chronic schizophrenia

“…The first aim of the study was to replicate elevated DPBs in SZ. Consistent with prior studies Horan et al, 2010;Kiwanuka et al, 2014;Strauss et al, 2015;Takeda et al, 2019), results of Study 1 found: (a) elevated DPBs in SZ compared to controls at a small effect size (d = .43); (b) significant associations between higher DPBs and greater severity of negative symptoms, poorer functioning and impaired social cognition. We also extended prior results by examining associations between DPBs and the five negative symptom domains, finding significant associations with anhedonia and alogia, but not avolition, blunted affect, or asociality.…”

“…Initial studies evaluating this model in chronic SZ provided strong support, indicating that: (a) DPBs are elevated in SZ compared to controls, (b) DPBs are associated with negative symptoms, poor functioning and cognitive impairment, and (c) DPBs mediate the associations between neurocognition and negative symptoms, and neurocognition and functioning Rector et al, 2005). Subsequent studies have consistently replicated initial findings of increased DPBs in SZ compared to controls (Granholm et al, 2016;Horan et al, 2010;Kiwanuka et al, 2014;Strauss et al, 2015;Takeda et al, 2019;Ventura et al, 2014;Zimmerman et al, 1986). However, correlations between DPB and negative symptoms, functional outcome and neurocognition are less consistent (Couture et al, 2011;Reddy et al, 2018;Granholm et al, 2016;Green et al, 2012;Horan et al, 2010;Kiwanuka et al, 2014;Le et al, 2018;Pillny & Lincoln, 2016;Quinlan et al, 2015;Takeda et al, 2019;Ventura et al, 2014), with a meta-analysis by Campellone et al (2016)indicating a smalleffect size for the association between DPBs with negative symptoms (r = .24) and functional outcome (r = −.27).…”

The effect of negative automatic thoughts on hope in patients with schizophrenia

“…It is thought that the factors, such as low expectation levels In this study, the negative automatic thoughts of the patients with schizophrenia were found to be high. In their studies, Takeda et al 7 and Buck et al 8 reported that the negative automatic thoughts of the patients with schizophrenia were high. In their study, Shriharsh et al 24 found that the patients with schizophrenia had high level of negative automatic thoughts before cognitive behavioral therapy.…”

“…Negative thoughts are negative automatic thoughts that come to mind constantly and are very hard to change. 5,6 In their studies, Takeda et al 7 and Buck et al 8 reported that patients with schizophrenia had more negative automatic thoughts than healthy controls. 7,8 As in the other mental diseases, it can be important to enable the disease to show a positive course by taking it under control to increase hope.…”

<p>Correlation of Health-Related Quality of Life in Clinically Stable Outpatients with Schizophrenia</p>

“…Another possible explanation for our findings is that patients with cognitive problems are less aware of their problems. To elucidate the influence of cognitive dysfunction on QOL, further studies using neuropsychological tests are necessary 61…”