<p>Overexpression of <em>GIHCG</em> is Associated with a Poor Prognosis and Immune Infiltration in Hepatocellular Carcinoma</p>

Abstract

Purpose Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed digestive cancers and the fourth leading cause of death worldwide. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) with key roles in HCC development and progression have emerged and are used in the diagnosis and prognostic prediction of HCC. The lncRNA gradually increased during hepatocarcinogenesis ( GIHCG ) is a novel lncRNA with aberrant expression in many tumors, but its prognostic value and biological role in HCC have not been fully studied. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the expression pattern and potential biological role of GIHCG in HCC. Patients and Methods The expression pattern of GIHCG in HCC was analyzed in our HCC cohort and validated in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. To assess the prognostic value of GIHCG , survival analyses and Cox regression analyses were carried out in two HCC cohorts. Functional enrichment analysis was used to predict the gene sets and pathways related to aberrant GIHCG expression. Furthermore, the relationship between GIHCG expression and immune infiltration in HCC was analyzed. Results GIHCG was highly expressed in HCC tissues compared with normal liver tissues. In addition, high GIHCG expression was significantly correlated with inferior clinicopathological characteristics and shorter survival times. High GIHCG expression was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival and disease-free survival in the HCC cohort in our center and in the TCGA-LIHC cohort. Hallmark terms such as “G2M checkpoint”, “ MYC targets” and “DNA repair” were enriched in the GIHCG high-expression groups. High GIHCG expression negatively correlated with the infiltration of memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, natural killer cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils and monocytes. Conclusion The findings of our study indicate that GIHCG is a biomarker that can be used to predict the prognosis of HCC patients and is correlated with immune cell infiltration in HCC.

LncRNA ELF3-AS1 is a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated with Immune Infiltrates in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

“…F11-AS1 may serve as a therapeutic target for HCC [4]. GIHCG is a biomarker that can be used to predict the prognosis of patients with HCC [10]. erefore, the study of lncRNAs as new HCC biomarkers and therapeutic targets is very important.…”

“…lncRNAs play a key role in the formation of cancer [8]. Growing evidence for the involvement of aberrant lncRNAs in the development and progression of HCC [4,6,9,10]. erefore, screening for lncRNAs that are clinically relevant to HCC is important for the early diagnosis and effective treatment of HCC.…”

Clinical Value for Diagnosis and Prognosis of Signal Sequence Receptor 1 (SSR1) and Its Potential Mechanism in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Study Based on High-Throughput Data Analysis

“…At this time, their treatment options were already very limited, and the prognosis was often abysmal. 23 Therefore, finding meaningful biomarkers is particularly critical. SSR1 is an endoplasmic reticulum membrane receptor involved in protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane.…”

Biomarkers and Future Perspectives for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Immunotherapy

“…That this signature was associated with immune cell infiltration and ICI treatment-related molecules (including PD-L1, PD-L2, and IDO1) suggests that it may have the potential to measure the response to ICI immunotherapy. Several studies have reported on the ability of immune-related lncRNAs to predict prognosis in HCC patients (73)(74)(75)(76). However, prospective validation in HCC patients who received ICI treatment is still lacking.…”