<p>Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction on Blood and Brain Tissue in Rats with Normal and Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Microdialysis with HPLC-MS/MS</p>

Abstract

The aim of our research was to analyze and compare the pharmacokinetics of paeoniflorin, calycosin, calycosin-7-o-β-d-6-glucoside, and 6-gingerol in the blood and brain tissue of normal and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury rats by HPLC-MS/MS method. Methods: The blood and brain tissue samples of normal and middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rats were compared. The blood and brain tissue samples were collected by using microdialysis technique. The concentrations of paeoniflorin, calycosin, calycosin-7-o-β-d-6-glucoside, and 6-gingerol in blood and brain tissues were determined by the HPLC-MS/MS internal standard method. Results: Compared with the normal group, the model group after the administration of the Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction showed that C max blood , AUC 0-t blood , and AUC 0-inf blood of paeoniflorin were increased, CL blood , t 1/2 brain , and V brain of paeoniflorin were decreased; C maxblood , AUC 0-tblood , AUC 0-infblood , and average residence time (MRT brain) of calycosin-7-o-β-d-6-glucoside were decreased and the CL blood and C max brain of calycosin-7-o-βd-6-glucoside were increased; C max blood of calycosin was decreased, V blood and V brain of calycosin were increased; C max blood , AUC 0-t blood , AUC 0-inf blood , and MRT brain of 6-gingerol were decreased, CL blood of 6-gingerol was increased. Conclusion: This method is simple, rapid, and sensitive. It is suitable for the pharmacokinetic study of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction in the blood and brain tissue of rats. Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury increased the content of paeoniflorin, calycosin, calycosin-7-o-β-d-6-glucoside, and 6-gingerol in the blood, affecting the clearance rate of paeoniflorin in the brain, the detention time of calycosin-7-o-β-d-6-glucoside and the 6-gingerol in the brain. In normal and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats, the content of paeoniflorin and 6-gingerol in the blood was higher than that in brain tissue, while the content of calycosin, calycosin-7-o-β-d-6-glucoside in the brain tissue was higher than that in blood, suggesting that calycosin and calycosin-7-o-β-d-6-glucoside have brain targeting properties.

Identification of Active Ingredients of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction for Promoting Nerve Function Recovery After Ischemic Stroke Using HT22 Live-Cell-Based Affinity Chromatography Combined with HPLC-MS/MS

“…The bound components are eluted and determined with modern analytical techniques, such as HPLC or LC/MS. 13 Compared with Figure 4C , few peaks were detected by HPLC-MS in the fifth wash solution and blank dissociation solution ( Figure 4A and B ). With the help of Peak View software, a total of eleven compounds were identified.…”

“…The HGWD extract was prepared according to our previous study. 13 For this, Astragali Radix (9 g), Ramulus Cinnamomi (9 g), Paeoniae Radix Alba (9 g), Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (18 g), and Jujubae Fructus (4 pieces) were mixed and immersed in distilled water (1:10 w/v) for 30 min and extracted by refluxing for 1 h. The obtained filtrate was combined and concentrated to 50 mL, after which, the concentrate was adsorbed by D101 macroporous resin. Water-soluble components were removed with water.…”

Comparative pharmacokinetics of the main active components in normal and ulcerative colitis rats after oral administration of Zingiberis Rhizoma–Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma herb pair and its single herb extracts by LC–MS/MS

“…Notably, as displayed in Figure 2, the bimodal phenomenon of average blood concentration curves for ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Rb1, and 6‐gingerol was exhibited, which might be related to the enterohepatic circulation and separated “absorption windows” [29]. Additionally, the reciprocal transformation between 6‐gingerol and glucuronide metabolites was a possible cause of the double‐peak phenomenon [30], and the other reason might be the inversion of other similar compounds in ginsenosides (such as ginsenoside Rd could be converted to ginsenoside Rb1 by intestinal microbes), which led to double absorption [31].…”

“…Pharmacokinetics of four analytes in ulcerative colitis rat plasma A large number of studies have shown that the pharmacokinetic process of drugs might be changed in the pathological state [23,30]. Thus, it was necessary to investigate pharmacokinetic characteristics of four components in UC rat plasma after oral administration of ZR, GR, and ZG extracts.…”

Integrated network pharmacology and serum metabolomics approach deciphers the anti-colon cancer mechanisms of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction

“…HGWD is traditionally mainly used to treat syndromes that include blood arthralgia, skin numbness, slight astringency and tense pulse ( Liu et al, 2021 ). HGWD has good pharmacological effects in cases of diabetic peripheral neuropathy ( Zheng et al, 2019 ), cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases ( Zheng et al, 2020 ), periarthritis of the shoulder ( Zhang et al, 2020 ), cervical spondylosis ( Liang et al, 2020 ), rheumatoid arthritis ( Wang et al, 2020a ), and oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neurotoxicity ( Wei et al, 2020 ). However, the underlying mechanisms of HGWD in treatment of other diseases remain to be systematically studied.…”