<p>Predictors of Diabetes Self-Care Practice Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Public Hospitals in Northeastern Ethiopia: A Facility-Based Cross-Sectional Study</p>

Abstract

Objective Even though life-threatening complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) minimize through self-care practice, extensive studies in northeast Ethiopia have been scarce about self-care practice and predictors. This study aimed to assess diabetes self-care predictors among patients with T2DM patients at Dubti and Assaita hospitals in northeastern Ethiopia. Methods A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 403 patients with T2DM who followed-up in northeastern Ethiopia’s Dubti and Assaita hospitals. Data were analyzed using SPSS version-22.0 after the data were entered, sorted and cleaned. Multiple stepwise backward logistic regression analysis was done for a P value of <0.25 to identify the independent predictors of self-care practice. Results In the present study, males comprised 62% of the sex category. Overall, 63.8% of the study participants had adequate self-care practice, while 36.2% had inadequate self-care practice. Being younger age (AOR 2.27, 95% CI 1.27–4.07, P= 0.005), monthly income status with low (AOR 3.08, 95% CI 1.08–8.78, P= 0.04), average (AOR 2.43, 95% CI 1.15–5.09, P= 0.02) and high (AOR 2.68, 95% CI 1.03–6.99, P= 0.04), treated with oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA) (AOR 0.22, 95% CI 0.05–0.95, P = 0.04) and insulin (AOR 0.18, 95% CI 0.04–0.75, P= 0.01), having social support (AOR 3.09, 95% CI 1.76–5.4, P ≤ 0.01) and diabetic education from health professionals (AOR 5.53, 95% CI 1.92–15.93, P= 0.001) and media (AOR 2.63, 95% CI 1.47–4.7, P = 0.001) were the independent predictors of self-care practice. Conclusion In this study, the practice of self-care found to be sub-optimal among patients with T2DM. Independent predictors of self-care practice were age, monthly income, treatment regimen, social support, and diabetic education. Therefore, a suitable approach should be built to improve self-care practice with diabetes.

Magnitude and Predictors of self-care Practices among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Central Ethiopia: the health belief model perspective

“…But it was lower than the study done in Dila Hospital 76.8% [24], West Ethiopia 60.7% [35], Dessie Referral Hospital [28], West Ethiopia 60.7% [23], Dire Dawa, Dilchora Hospital 55.9% [21], outpatient patients in Arsi Zone 53.3% [26], and North-East Ethiopia 63.8% [36]. The possible variation could be attributed to the different measurement tools used and operationalization of self-care practices by the studies and lack of a self-glucose monitoring machine (nearly 70% of the respondents had no glucometer which contributes to a signi cant reduction in the magnitude of self-care practices in our case), and level of information education, and communications from the health professions.…”

“…This is consistent with the literatures, which shows that people who work will have the chance to meet new people, boosting their capacity to learn from coworkers. Retirement respondents may not have made long-lasting changes to their lifestyles or behaviors, which may make it di cult for them to practice diabetes self-care, in addition to having lower salaries than respondents who were still working [35,39].…”

Adherence to Self - Care Practice Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Using the Theory of Planned Behavior and Health Belief Model at Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals of Amhara Region, Ethiopia: Mixed Method

“…The current finding reveals a prevalence lower than that reported in various locations, including a Ethiopia (systematic review) in 2020 (49%), 10 Gondar in 2021 (55.6%), 24 Hadiya Zone in 2019 (52.3%), 38 Addis Ababa in 2021 (48.0%), 11 Jimma Medical Center in 2021 (54.2%), 12 Dessie in 2021 (55.8%), 13 Dire Dawa in 2020 (55.9%), 15 Dubti and Assaita hospitals in 2020 (63.8%), 16 Debre-Tabor in 2018 (63.1%), 17 Arsi zone in 2021 (53.3%), 47 and Benishangul Gumuz in 2018 (54.3%). 19 The discrepancy could be attributed to the timing of the present study, conducted post-COVID -19 pandemic [48][49][50] and following the conflict in Northern Ethiopia, which impacted the socio-economic landscape, 51,52 potentially leading to a decline in adherence to self-care practices.…”

“…In this study, more than two-thirds of the participants (70.8%) adhered to the prescribed medication as compared to other domains of self-care practice, which is similar to the previous study in Dubti and Assaita hospitals. 16 Possibly, the explanation lies in receiving sufficient guidance from healthcare professionals on proper medication administration during medical follow-up. 54 Similar to the study conducted in Addis Ababa, in Jimma Medical Center, and in Dessie, [11][12][13] less adherence to blood sugar testing (33.6%) was observed as compared to other domains of self-care practice.…”

“… 10 Several studies were also conducted in Ethiopia to assess the magnitude of adherence to self-care practices. The finding of adherence to self-care practice indicated 48.0% in Addis Ababa; 11 54.2% in Jimma Medical Center; 12 55.8% in Dessie; 13 42.7% in western Ethiopia; 14 55.9% in Dire Dawa; 15 63.8% in Dubti and Assaita hospitals; 16 63.1% in Debre-Tabor Hospital; 17 38.1% in Harar and Dire Dawa; 18 54.3% in Benishangul Gumuz; 19 28.4% in Bahir Dar Hospitals; 20 and 60.3% in Addis Ababa public hospitals. 21…”