&lt;p&gt;Primary vitreoretinal lymphoma: prevalence, impact, and management challenges&lt;/p&gt;

Venkatesh, Ramesh; Bavaharan, Bharathi; Mahendradas, Padmamalini; Yadav, Naresh Kumar

doi:10.2147/opth.s159014

Cited by 47 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 120 publications

(177 reference statements)

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“…Masquerade syndromes are ocular clinical pictures that resemble uveitic diseases.A typical example is vitreoretinal lymphoma, which may be associated to central nervous system lymphoma in a high proportion of patients (16)(17).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Masquerading as Vogt-koyanagi-harada Disease

Soto¹,

Relaño²,

Artaraz³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Purpose: To report a case of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia masquerading as Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease.Case Report: A 61-year-old man presented with decreased visual acuity in both eyes. Optical coherence tomography showed bilateral exudative retinal detachment and fluorescein angiography pinpoint leakage. The patient was diagnosed with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease. Blood analysis revealed increased percentage of blast cells (69%) and bone marrow biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of acute B cell lymphoblastic leukemia. He received chemotherapy treatment with multiple drugs including asparaginase, which caused hepatic disease and patient’s death despite ocular findings improvement.Conclusions: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia may present as a bilateral exudative retinal detachment and can mimic VKH. Therefore, clinicians should take into consideration the possibility of leukemia in such patients. This fact stresses out the importance of multidisciplinary management of uveitis conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Masquerading as Vogt-koyanagi-harada Disease

Soto¹,

Relaño²,

Artaraz³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…PVRL usually occurs in adults from the fifth to the sixth decades of life (151). No sex or racial predilection to the disease apparently exists, although some reports proposed that PVRL occurs more frequently in females than males (152).…”

Section: Vitreoretinal Lymphomamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The clinical ocular features of VRL, termed "masquerade syndrome, " are often similar to those of chronic uveitis; therefore, a misdiagnosis of VRL sometimes leads to the administration of anti-inflammatory agents such as corticosteroids and thereby cause a delay in reaching a definitive diagnosis. The interval between the onset of the ocular or neurological findings and a definitive diagnosis is variable, and ranges from 4 to 40 months (152). The involvement of the CNS arises in 16-34% of patients with PVRL at presentation and develops in 42-92% of patients within a mean interval 8-29 months (151).…”

Section: Clinical Features Of Vitreoretinal Lymphomamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most cases of PVRL can be classified as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), whereas very few cases are classified as a T cell lymphoma or NK cell origin PVRL (152). Based on gene expression profiles, DLBCL is divided into three major subgroups: germinal center B-cell-like, activated B-cell-like (ABC)/non-germinal center, and primary mediastinal DLBCLs (157).…”

Section: Gene Mutations In Vitreoretinal Lymphomamentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Insights Into Immunological Therapy for Retinal Disorders

et al. 2020

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In the twentieth century, a conspicuous lack of effective treatment strategies existed for managing several retinal disorders, including age-related macular degeneration; diabetic retinopathy (DR); retinopathy of prematurity (ROP); retinitis pigmentosa (RP); uveitis, including Behçet's disease; and vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL). However, in the first decade of this century, advances in biomedicine have provided new treatment strategies in the field of ophthalmology, particularly biologics that target vascular endothelial growth factor or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Furthermore, clinical trials on gene therapy specifically for patients with autosomal recessive or X-linked RP have commenced. The overall survival rates of patients with VRL have improved, owing to earlier diagnoses and better treatment strategies. However, some unresolved problems remain such as primary or secondary non-response to biologics or chemotherapy, and the lack of adequate strategies for treating most RP patients. In this review, we provide an overview of the immunological mechanisms of the eye under normal conditions and in several retinal disorders, including uveitis, DR, ROP, RP, and VRL. In addition, we discuss recent studies that describe the inflammatory responses that occur during the course of these retinal disorders to provide new insights into their diagnosis and treatment.

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“…In recent decades, there has been little improvement in the survival rate of central nervous system lymphoma developed from VRL, with five-year survival rates from below 59% to 69% [ 5 , 10 , 11 ]. Around 50% to 90% of VRL patients present with central nervous system involvement [ 5 , 12 , 13 ]. Clinical outcomes of VRL differ significantly depending on clinical and prognostic variables.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Throughput MicroRNA Profiling of Vitreoretinal Lymphoma: Vitreous and Serum MicroRNA Profiles Distinct from Uveitis

Minezaki

Usui

Asakage

et al. 2020

JCM

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Purpose: Vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL) is a non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the diffuse large B cell type (DLBCL), which is an aggressive cancer causing central nervous system related mortality. The pathogenesis of VRL is largely unknown. The role of microRNAs (miRNAs) has recently acquired remarkable importance in the pathogenesis of many diseases including cancers. Furthermore, miRNAs have shown promise as diagnostic and prognostic markers of cancers. In this study, we aimed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs and pathways in the vitreous and serum of patients with VRL and to investigate the pathogenesis of the disease. Materials and Methods: Vitreous and serum samples were obtained from 14 patients with VRL and from controls comprising 40 patients with uveitis, 12 with macular hole, 14 with epiretinal membrane, 12 healthy individuals. The expression levels of 2565 miRNAs in serum and vitreous samples were analyzed. Results: Expression of the miRNAs correlated significantly with the extracellular matrix (ECM) ‒receptor interaction pathway in VRL. Analyses showed that miR-326 was a key driver of B-cell proliferation, and miR-6513-3p could discriminate VRL from uveitis. MiR-1236-3p correlated with vitreous interleukin (IL)-10 concentrations. Machine learning analysis identified miR-361-3p expression as a discriminator between VRL and uveitis. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that aberrant microRNA expression in VRL may affect the expression of genes in a variety of cancer-related pathways. The altered serum miRNAs may discriminate VRL from uveitis, and serum miR-6513-3p has the potential to serve as an auxiliary tool for the diagnosis of VRL.

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<p>Primary vitreoretinal lymphoma: prevalence, impact, and management challenges</p>

Cited by 47 publications

References 120 publications

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Masquerading as Vogt-koyanagi-harada Disease

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Masquerading as Vogt-koyanagi-harada Disease

New Insights Into Immunological Therapy for Retinal Disorders

High-Throughput MicroRNA Profiling of Vitreoretinal Lymphoma: Vitreous and Serum MicroRNA Profiles Distinct from Uveitis

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