<p>Sleep Time Duration Does Not Affect Oral Inflammation and Periodontal Health Status in Night-Shift Workers: A Cross-Sectional Study</p>

Abstract

Background: Night-shift workers experience circadian rhythm disruption, changes in sleep time duration, and effects on their eating habits. All these factors may be related to the release of inflammatory mediators and may affect oral inflammation and periodontal health status. The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of sleep time duration on oral inflammation and periodontal health status in night-shift workers and non-night-shift workers. Methods: This study involved two groups with 27 participants each: one group of nightshift workers and one group of non-night-shift workers. Examination of depth of pocket and bleeding on probing (BOP) was conducted with a periodontal probe. Non-stimulating saliva samples were collected to analyze the levels of melatonin, malondialdehyde (MDA), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) using ELISA. Comparisons for each parameter were performed using independent t-tests, and the relationships between duration of sleep and depth of pocket, BOP, salivary melatonin, MDA, and TNF-α were calculated using linear regression. Results: The night-shift worker group had a short sleep time duration (p = 0.000). The salivary melatonin level of the night-shift workers was lower than that of the non-night-shift workers (p = 0.000). MDA, depth of pocket, and BOP were higher in the night-shift workers (p = 0.000). Only salivary melatonin showed a correlation with sleep time duration in the night-shift worker group (p < 0.05). Neither subject group showed an effect of sleep time duration on depth of pocket, BOP, salivary melatonin, MDA, or TNF-α (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Night-shift workers showed higher rates of oral inflammation and periodontal health status, but there was no relationship between these factors and sleep time duration.

Circadian clock—A promising scientific target in oral science

“…Shift work, irregular sleep and diet, and high mental stress could all lead to rhythm disturbances and are strongly associated with periodontitis. Park JS et al reported that workers with circadian rhythm disorders had higher rates of salivary and gingival crevicular fluid TNF-α levels, oral inflammation and periodontal inflammatory status ( Roestamadji et al, 2019 ; Roestamadji et al, 2020 ). Higher TNF-α levels could cause a reduction in tooth attachment and alveolar bone resorption.…”

Sleep duration and severe periodontitis in middle‐aged Japanese workers

“…A recent study based on the KNHANES demonstrated a significant interaction between work schedule and sleep duration (Park et al, 2021). To date, studies on the interrelationships among sleep duration, sleep patterns, and periodontal health have produced inconsistent results (Roestamadji et al, 2020; Park et al, 2021).…”

“…Finally, even though our analyses were adjusted for various potential confounding et al, 2021). To date, studies on the interrelationships among sleep duration, sleep patterns, and periodontal health have produced inconsistent results (Roestamadji et al, 2020;Park et al, 2021).…”

“…In addition, previous studies have suggested that sleep duration is associated with periodontitis. Some studies have found relationships between periodontitis and short sleep duration (Karaaslan & Dikilitaş, 2019; Alhassani & Al‐Zahrani, 2020; Alqaderi et al, 2020; Park et al, 2021) or long sleep duration (Romandini et al, 2017; Han et al, 2018; Han et al, 2021; Park et al, 2021), while others reported no relationship (Beydoun et al, 2020; Islam et al, 2020; Roestamadji et al, 2020). Thus, the association between sleep duration and periodontitis is unclear and requires further investigation.…”

“…Several previous studies (Romandini et al, 2017;Han et al, 2018;Islam et al, 2020;Roestamadji et al, 2020;Han et al, 2021) used partial-mouth periodontal examination to assess periodontal status; this type of examination has been reported to have low validity for surveillance and research (Eke et al, 2010). Additional studies involving full-mouth periodontal examination, which is considered the gold standard for periodontitis diagnosis in population studies (Eke et al, 2013), are needed.…”