<p>The Clinical Implication of Vitamin D Nanomedicine for Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Peritoneal Damage</p>

Abstract

PurposeVitamin D is a novel potential therapeutic agent for peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritoneal fibrosis, but it can induce hypercalcemia and vascular calcification, which limits its applicability. In this study, we create nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems to investigate its therapeutics and side effects.Materials and methods1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N- [amino-(polyethylene glycol)2000] (DSPE-PEG) and L-α-phosphatidylcholine (PC), which packages with 1α,25(OH)2D3, were used to construct vitamin D nanoliposomes. To confirm the function and safety of vitamin D nanoliposomes, peritoneal mesothelial cells were treated with TGF-β1 and the reverse was attempted using vitamin D nanoliposomes. Antibodies (Ab) against the peritoneum-glycoprotein M6A (GPM6A) Ab were conjugated with vitamin D nanoliposomes. These particles were implanted into mice by intraperitoneal injection and the animals were monitored for the distribution and side effects induced by vitamin D.ResultsVitamin D nanoliposomes were taken up by the mesothelial cells over time without cell toxicity and it also provided the same therapeutic effect in vitro. In vivo study, fluorescent imaging showed vitamin D nanoliposomes allow specific peritoneum target effect and also ameliorate vitamin D side effect.ConclusionNanoliposomes vitamin D delivery systems for the prevention of PD-related peritoneal damage may be a potential clinical strategy in the future.

Novel Application of Magnetite Nanoparticle-Mediated Vitamin D3 Delivery for Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Peritoneal Damage

“…In our previous study, we found that Ab-Vit.D-MNPs had the same therapeutic effect as vitamin D3 in vitro. 13 Therefore, in this study, we investigated its therapeutic effect in vivo. The results showed that Vit.D-MNPs conjugated with an antibody against GPM6A, a peritoneal marker, enhanced peritoneum targeting.…”

“…In our previous study, we constructed vitamin D-liposomal NPs and examined their therapeutic effects in vitro. 13 The results showed that these NPs were taken up by mesothelial cells and did not cause cell toxicity as well as provided the same therapeutic effect as vitamin D3. However, the therapeutic effects of these NPs in vivo are still unknown.…”

Encapsulation of Vitamins Using Nanoliposome: Recent Advances and Perspectives

“…In other study, L-α-phosphatidylcholine which packages with 1α,25(OH)2D3, and 1,2-distearoyl-snglycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[amino-(polyethylene glycol)2000], were used to produce nontoxic and biocompatible vitamin D nanoliposomes. 149 Moreover, in spite of biocompatibility properties of liposomes, these formulations could decrease the toxicity of antimicrobial agent which are potentially toxic. 145…”

High‐dose vitamin D metabolite delivery inhibits breast cancer metastasis

“…Excessive Cal administration can result in side effects including hypercalcemia, vascular calcification, and anaphylaxis, primarily because the drug shows nonselective distribution in vivo. 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 One of the major challenges with Cal for breast cancer investigations therefore is achieving a sufficiently high drug concentration within cancer cells. Delivering Cal via nanoscale drug delivery systems (DDSs) may overcome this, as DDSs have often proven successful at targeting drugs to tumors via active targeting mechanisms or passive targeting mechanisms like the enhanced permeability and retention effect.…”

“…Excessive Cal administration can result in side effects including hypercalcemia, vascular calcification, and anaphylaxis, primarily because the drug shows nonselective distribution in vivo 22–26 . One of the major challenges with Cal for breast cancer investigations therefore is achieving a sufficiently high drug concentration within cancer cells.…”