&lt;p&gt;The Ectopic Expression of SurvivinT34A and FilC Can Enhance the Oncolytic Effects of Vaccinia Virus in Murine Gastric Cancer&lt;/p&gt;

Wang, Minglong; Luo, Yanxi; Sun, Ting; Mao, Chenyu; Jiang, Yili; Yu, Xiaofei; Li, Zhongqi; Xie, Tian; Wu, Fengbo; Yan, Hui; Teng, Lirong

doi:10.2147/ott.s230902

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…They cause severe adverse reactions with poor results in terms of quality of life and patient survival [2][3][4][5]. Despite the development of new targeted therapies, such as monoclonal antibodies directed against HER2, VEGFR2, and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), the results have been far from satisfactory [6,7].…”

Section: Gastric Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Preclinical evaluation of oncolytic potential human rotavirus Wt 1-5 in gastric adenocarcinoma

et al. 2023

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Despite advances in biomedical research, gastric cancer remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide due to the limited efficacy of conventional therapies. In recent decades, oncolytic viruses have emerged as a biological therapeutic alternative to cancer due to their selectivity, effectiveness, and low toxicity. However, clinical trials have shown that developing a virus with selectivity for multiple tumor receptors and the ability to penetrate and diffuse through the tumor microenvironment to reactivate the immune system remains challenging. This study aimed to examine the oncolytic potential of tumor cell-adapted rotavirus Wt1-5 in gastric adenocarcinoma samples. This study focused on determining the propagation capacity of the RV Wt1-5 through the tumor and the importance of the expression of cell surface co-receptors, including integrin β3, protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), and heat shock proteins (Hsp-90, -70, -60, -40, and Hsc 70), during infection of tumor cells. These proteins were found to be differentially expressed in tumor cells compared to adjacent non-tumor cells. Preincubation of gastric tumor cells with antibodies against these proteins decreased rotavirus infections, validating their importance in the binding and entry of RV Wt1-5 into tumor cells, as previously reported. Upon RV infection, apoptosis was one of the types of death that was observed. This was evidenced by evaluating the expression of CASP-3, -9, PARP, cytochrome C, Bax, Bid, p53, and Bcl-2, as well as observing morphological changes such as chromatin margination, nuclear condensation, and fragmentation. Finally, at 60 h.p.i, histological analysis revealed that oncolysis compromised the entire thickness of the tumor. Therefore, the results suggest that RV Wt1-5 could be a novel therapeutic agent co-adjuvant agent for conventional and targeted therapies in managing GC. Ex vivo infection of the tumor tissue model showed characteristics of an immune response that could be explored in future studies.

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Section: Gastric Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Preclinical evaluation of oncolytic potential human rotavirus Wt 1-5 in gastric adenocarcinoma

et al. 2023

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Section: Immunotherapy In Gcmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…133 Moreover, DC vaccines, and viral vector vaccines have also been shown to be effective in oncology treatment. 134,135 In addition, immunotherapy combined with conventional chemotherapy has also made some progress in treating tumors. 136 Currently, immunotherapy provides symptomatic relief and long-term stability of the disease, and it has an overall manageable safety profile.…”

Section: Immunotherapy In Gcmentioning

confidence: 99%

The tumor immune-microenvironment in gastric cancer

Fang

Zhang

et al. 2022

Tumori

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Aims and Background: The tumor microenvironment significantly influences malignant behavior and progression. Many components are involved in the tumor microenvironment, including extracellular matrix, stromal cells, immune and inflammatory cells, as well as cytokines that promote tumor development with complex interactions through the exchange of molecular information. It is now known that tumor immune escape may be influenced by the tumor microenvironment. The aim of this work is to conduct a review of the tumor immune-microenvironment in gastric cancer. Methods: We review the current knowledge of several immune cells involved in the gastric tumor microenvironment. In addition, a brief description of immunotherapy strategies for gastric cancer is also reviewed. Conclusions: Among immune cell populations, lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells are revealed to make the difference in promoting or suppressing gastric tumorigenesis, either directly or indirectly, via regulating the immune responses. Understanding these interactions in detail within the tumor immune-microenvironment will contribute to unraveling new therapeutic targets.

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“…As an exogenous gene delivery system, Wang, M. et al. constructed a recombinant vaccinia virus (VACV) strain expressing mutant survivin T34A (SurT34A) and FilC and validated its strong replication and destruction ability in a murine GC model ( 109 ). In particular, due to its ability to selectively invade tumor cells, the therapeutic efficacy of a novel genetically engineered VACV carrying the human sodium iodide symporter (hNIS) gene, GLV-1 h153, was investigated in GC along with its potential utility for imaging with (99 m)Tc pertechnetate scintigraphy and 124 I positron emission tomography (PET) ( 110 ).…”

Section: Summary Of Ovts For Treating Gcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oncolytic virus: A catalyst for the treatment of gastric cancer

Wang

Du²,

Chen³

2022

Front. Oncol.

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Gastric cancer (GC) is a leading contributor to global cancer incidence and mortality. According to the GLOBOCAN 2020 estimates of incidence and mortality for 36 cancers in 185 countries produced by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), GC ranks fifth and fourth, respectively, and seriously threatens the survival and health of people all over the world. Therefore, how to effectively treat GC has become an urgent problem for medical personnel and scientific workers at this stage. Due to the unobvious early symptoms and the influence of some adverse factors such as tumor heterogeneity and low immunogenicity, patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC) cannot benefit significantly from treatments such as radical surgical resection, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. As an emerging cancer immunotherapy, oncolytic virotherapies (OVTs) can not only selectively lyse cancer cells, but also induce a systemic antitumor immune response. This unique ability to turn unresponsive ‘cold’ tumors into responsive ‘hot’ tumors gives them great potential in GC therapy. This review integrates most experimental studies and clinical trials of various oncolytic viruses (OVs) in the diagnosis and treatment of GC. It also exhaustively introduces the concrete mechanism of invading GC cells and the viral genome composition of adenovirus and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). At the end of the article, some prospects are put forward to determine the developmental directions of OVTs for GC in the future.

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<p>The Ectopic Expression of SurvivinT34A and FilC Can Enhance the Oncolytic Effects of Vaccinia Virus in Murine Gastric Cancer</p>

Cited by 7 publications

References 45 publications

Preclinical evaluation of oncolytic potential human rotavirus Wt 1-5 in gastric adenocarcinoma

Preclinical evaluation of oncolytic potential human rotavirus Wt 1-5 in gastric adenocarcinoma

The tumor immune-microenvironment in gastric cancer

Oncolytic virus: A catalyst for the treatment of gastric cancer

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