<p>The Effect of Hormone Therapy on the Expression of Prostate Cancer and Multi-Epigenetic Marker Genes in a Population of Iranian Patients</p>

Abstract

Background and Aim: Many recent studies have shown a direct relationship between the decrease in the expression of GSTP1 and RASSF1 with the incidence and progression of prostate cancer. Moreover, the expression level of these genes is greatly affected by epigenetic factors and their methylation pattern. Given the prevalence of prostate cancer and the importance of choosing the best method to inhibit the progression of the disease and provide specific treatment, it is important to evaluate the effect of hormone therapy on the expression of effective prostate cancer genes and epigenetic markers. Patients and Methods: In this case-control study, 35 prostate cancer samples were examined before and after hormone therapy. Following the blood sampling, RNA extraction, and cDNA synthesis, the expression of GSTP1, RASSF1, HDAC, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B was assessed by real-time PCR. Results: The results analysis showed that the expression of GSTP1, RASSF1, and DNMT3B was significantly increased, DNMT3A was significantly decreased (P value<0.05) and HDAC expression did not change significantly (P value=0.19) after hormone therapy. Discussion: Significant changes in the expression of GSTP1, RASSF1, DNMT3B and DNMT3A in the studied samples indicate that these genes are susceptible targets for cancer hormone therapy in Iranian men like in the other populations. Evaluation of gene activity in a larger population of patients may support these findings.

Epigenetics in prostate cancer treatment

“…The hypomethylation of MYC's exon3 is not associated with changes in its expression; however, it was associated with a more aggressive phenotype in the examined cohort [19] . In another study and contrary to the established consensus, a group of hypermethylated genes in PCa tumors was associated with increased gene expression [20] . In an Iranian study, 35 prostate tumor samples were examined before and after hormone therapy treatment.…”

Systematic Elucidation of the Aneuploidy Landscape and Identification of Aneuploidy Driver Genes in Prostate Cancer

“…Zavridou et al (2021) revealed that the hyper-methylation of promoter and the upregulation of the expression levels of GSTP1 existed in circulating tumor cells and exosomes of mCRPC and was associated with the overall survival of PCa. Mohammadi et al (2020) indicated that GSTP1 was upregulated by hormone therapy, although we did not get a difference of GSTP1 (Figure 10C), which may be due to lack of sufficient samples. Three previous studies indicated that EFS was significantly downregulated in PCa owing to DNA methylation and was proven to be a tumor suppressor gene in PCa (Wang et al, 2020;Sertkaya et al, 2015;Vanaja et al, 2009).…”