&lt;p&gt;The effects of graphene and mesenchymal stem cells in cutaneous wound healing and their putative action mechanism&lt;/p&gt;

Lasocka, Iwona; Jastrzębska, Elżbieta; Szulc-Dąbrowska, Lidia; Skibniewski, Michał; Pasternak, Iwona; Kalbáčová, Marie Hubálek; Skibniewska, Ewa M.

doi:10.2147/ijn.s190928

“…Currently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely reported to involve many pathophysiological processes [12][13][14] and have a curative effect in treating various diseases [15][16][17]. MSCs, which can differentiate into epidermal cells and skin appendages (sebaceous 1and sweat glands), can be isolated and amplified from the umbilical cord, bone marrow, fat, and other tissues and have recently been reported to decrease burn the wound area in rats and mice [14,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely reported to involve many pathophysiological processes [ 12 – 14 ] and have a curative effect in treating various diseases [ 15 – 17 ]. MSCs, which can differentiate into epidermal cells and skin appendages (sebaceous 1and sweat glands), can be isolated and amplified from the umbilical cord, bone marrow, fat, and other tissues and have recently been reported to decrease burn the wound area in rats and mice [ 14 , 18 ]. Despite the multipotency of stem cells, an increasing number of studies have shown that the efficacy of MSCs primarily depends on the secretion of a variety of factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF), platelet-derived factor growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta), IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10, which play an important role in angiogenesis, cell recruitment, immune regulation, and wound healing, rather than the stemness of cells [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy assessment of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for burn wounds in animals: a systematic review

Yi

¹

,

Wang

²

,

Yang

³

et al. 2020

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Background: Clinically, severe burns remain one of the most challenging issues, but an ideal treatment is yet absent. Our purpose is to compare the efficacy of stem cell therapy in a preclinical model of burn wound healing. Methods: Research reports on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for burn wound healing were retrieved from 5 databases: PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. The primary outcomes reported in this article include the un-healing rate of the wound area, the closure rate, and the wound area. Secondary outcomes included CD-31, vascular density, interleukin (IL)-10, thickness of eschar tissue, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and white blood cell count. Finally, a subgroup analysis was conducted to explore heterogeneity that potentially impacted the primary outcomes. A fixed-effects model with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was performed when no significant heterogeneity existed. Otherwise, a random-effects model was used. All data analysis was conducted by using Engauge Digitizer 10.8 and R software. Results: Twenty eligible articles were finally included in the analysis. Stem cell therapy greatly improved the closure rate (2.00, 95% CI 0.52 to 3.48, p = 0.008) and compromised the wound area (− 2.36; 95% CI − 4.90 to 0.18; p = 0.069) rather than the un-healing rate of the wound area (− 11.10, 95% CI − 32.97 to 10.78, p = 0.320). Though p was 0.069, there was a trend toward shrinkage of the burn wound area after stem cell therapy. Vascular density (4.69; 95% CI 0.06 to 9.31; p = 0.047) and thickness of eschar tissue (6.56, 95% CI 1.15 to 11.98, p = 0.017) were also discovered to be significantly improved in the burn site of stem cell-treated animals. Moreover, we observed that animals in the stem cell group had an increased white blood cell count (0.84, 95% CI 0.01 to 1.66, p = 0.047) 5 days post treatment. Other indicators, such as VEGF (p = 0.381), CD-31 (p = 0.335) and IL-10 (p = 0.567), were not significantly impacted. Conclusions: Despite limited data from preclinical trials, this meta-analysis suggests that stem cell therapy is curative in decreasing the burn wound area and provides some insights into future clinical studies of stem cell therapy for burns.

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“…The expression of fak increased in HS-5 and HepG2 cultivated on GO with CELE supplementation. GO may reduce [41,51] or enhance fak expression [52], which may depend on the presence of ligands, and consequently in our research, CELE was added to prevent this. Liver cells are anchor-dependent cells in which the level of fak increases in suspension culture [53,54,55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Graphene Oxide Nanofilm and Chicken Embryo Extract Decrease the Invasiveness of HepG2 Liver Cancer Cells.

Sosnowska

¹

,

Kutwin

²

,

Strojny

³

et al. 2020

Preprint

0

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Background: The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a mosaic of various structural and functional proteins that cooperate with the cell, regulate adhesion, and consequently manage its further fate. Liver destruction is accompanied by a disruption of the physicochemical properties of the ECM which deregulates the cell-ECM interaction and can lead to uncontrolled proliferation and neoplastic transformation of cells. Therefore, it can be assumed that ECM modification and restoration of its characteristics for healthy tissue may counteract uncontrolled cell proliferation. The purpose of the presented research model was to optimise the physical characteristics of ECM by introducing a graphene oxide plane/nanofilm (nfGO) and enriching the cell environment with potentially missing proteins by adding a functional protein cocktail (chicken embryo liver extract) and determine the impact of these factors on cell-ECM cooperation and its consequences on adhesion, proliferation, and cell phase, which are factors of the invasiveness of cancer cells.Results: Experiments were performed with non-cancer HS-5 cells and liver cancer cells HepG2 and C3A. The cells were divided into four groups; (1) control, (2) cultured on GO nanofilm, (3) cultured with the addition of chicken embryo liver extract (CELE) to the medium and (4) cultured on the GO nanofilm with the addition of CELE. CELE contained 1735 proteins; the top 57 of these proteins have been presented. The use of GO nanofilm as well as CELE and nfGO + CELE reduced the proliferation of HepG2 cancer cells to the greatest extent; this is in contrast to non-cancer cells and also to C3A cancer cells. Furthermore, the combined use of the CELE protein cocktail and GO substrate effectively resulted in a decrease in the population of HepG2 cells in the G0/G1 phase and an increase of the population in G2/M. Molecular analysis of HepG2 cancer cells also showed an increase in the expression of genes responsible for adhesion such as fak (focal adhesion kinase), e-cadherin, and n-cadherin and a decrease in β-catenin, which is considered a proto-oncogen. Conclusions: Studies have shown that both the GO surface structure on which the cells are grown as well as the presence of a multi-component natural cocktail of regulatory proteins, can modify the expression of integrins, increase adhesion and, as a consequence, proliferation and the cell cycle - entering the resting phase. For the first time, it has been documented that hepatic cancer cells of the HepG2 line under the influence of stimuli derived from mimic ECM (graphene oxide) in interaction with a unique protein complex derived from chicken liver embryo decreased of the invasiveness of cancer cells.

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“…The expression of fak increased in HS-5 and HepG2 cultivated on GO with CELE supplementation. GO may reduceZhu et al 2017) or enhance fak expression(Lasocka et al 2019), which may depend on the presence of ligands, and consequently in our research, CELE was added to prevent this. Liver cells are anchor-dependent cells in which the level of fak increases in suspension culture(Cance et al 2000;Shang et al 2019;Ren et al 2015).…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

Graphene Oxide Nanofilm and Chicken Embryo Extract Decrease the Invasiveness of HepG2 Liver Cancer Cells

Sosnowska

¹

,

Kutwin

²

,

Strojny

³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a mosaic of various structural and functional proteins that cooperate with the cell, regulate adhesion, and consequently manage its further fate. Liver destruction is accompanied by a disruption of the physicochemical properties of the ECM which deregulates the cell-ECM interaction and can lead to uncontrolled proliferation and neoplastic transformation of cells. Therefore, it can be assumed that ECM modification and restoration of its characteristics for healthy tissue may counteract uncontrolled cell proliferation. The purpose of the presented research model was to optimise the physical characteristics of ECM by introducing a graphene oxide plane/nanofilm (nfGO) and enriching the cell environment with potentially missing proteins by adding a functional protein cocktail (chicken embryo liver extract) and determine the impact of these factors on cell-ECM cooperation and its consequences on adhesion, proliferation, and cell phase, which are factors of the invasiveness of cancer cells.Results: Experiments were performed with non-cancer HS-5 cells and liver cancer cells HepG2 and C3A. The cells were divided into four groups; (1) control, (2) cultured on GO nanofilm, (3) cultured with the addition of chicken embryo liver extract (CELE) to the medium and (4) cultured on the GO nanofilm with the addition of CELE. CELE contained 1735 proteins; the top 57 of these proteins have been presented. The use of GO nanofilm as well as CELE and nfGO + CELE reduced the proliferation of HepG2 cancer cells to the greatest extent; this is in contrast to non-cancer cells and also to C3A cancer cells. Furthermore, the combined use of the CELE protein cocktail and GO substrate effectively resulted in a decrease in the population of HepG2 cells in the G0/G1 phase and an increase of the population in G2/M. Molecular analysis of HepG2 cancer cells also showed an increase in the expression of genes responsible for adhesion such as fak (focal adhesion kinase), e-cadherin, and n-cadherin and a decrease in β-catenin, which is considered a proto-oncogen. Conclusions: Studies have shown that both the GO surface structure on which the cells are grown as well as the presence of a multi-component natural cocktail of regulatory proteins, can modify the expression of integrins, increase adhesion and, as a consequence, proliferation and the cell cycle - entering the resting phase. For the first time, it has been documented that hepatic cancer cells of the HepG2 line under the influence of stimuli derived from mimic ECM (graphene oxide) in interaction with a unique protein complex derived from chicken liver embryo decreased of the invasiveness of cancer cells.

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<p>The effects of graphene and mesenchymal stem cells in cutaneous wound healing and their putative action mechanism</p>

Cited by 45 publications

References 171 publications

Efficacy assessment of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for burn wounds in animals: a systematic review

Efficacy assessment of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for burn wounds in animals: a systematic review

Graphene Oxide Nanofilm and Chicken Embryo Extract Decrease the Invasiveness of HepG2 Liver Cancer Cells.

Graphene Oxide Nanofilm and Chicken Embryo Extract Decrease the Invasiveness of HepG2 Liver Cancer Cells

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