<p>The Osteogenic Effect of Local Delivery of Vancomycin and Tobramycin on Bone Marrow Stromal Cells</p>

Abstract

Purpose Bone tissue infections are a difficult problem in orthopedic surgery. Topical application of vancomycin and tobramycin powder has been proved to significantly reduce infection rates. However, the osteogenic effect of the topical application of these two antibiotics is unclear. In this study, the osteogenic effect of local delivery antibiotics on bone regeneration was investigated in vitro. Methods Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) were incubated in the presence of vancomycin (14.28μg/mL), tobramycin (28.57μg/mL), or vancomycin combined with tobramycin (vancomycin 14.28μg/mL and tobramycin 28.57μg/mL). Cell viability, proliferation, and migration were analyzed. The alizarin red staining as well as the alkaline phosphatase staining was investigated. Then, the quantitative real-time (qRT)-PCR of osteogenic mRNA expression levels were also evaluated. Results The results showed that vancomycin combined with tobramycin has no adverse effect on the viability and proliferation of BMSCs. The topical application of vancomycin alone may interfere with the bone regenerative processes. However, the tobramycin can promote the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and also rescue the osteogenic potential of BMSCs inhibited by vancomycin both in vitro. Conclusion From this in vitro study, local application of vancomycin combined with tobramycin does not affect the osteogenic potential of BMSCs.

Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Enhancing Bone Regeneration

“…Vancomycin is a widely used glycopeptide, which is suitable for the treatment of severe infections caused by methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus. 139 Poly(methyl methacrylate) is currently used for local vancomycin delivery in clinical practice, but has several obvious drawbacks such as mixed heat production, difficulty in degradation, low release rate, and the subsequent generation of drug-resistant bacteria on the carrier surface. 140 Therefore, developing an efficient and controllable drug release system is an important improvement measure to enhance the local antibacterial effect of vancomycin.…”

Synthesis and Characterization of a Hydroxyapatite-Sodium Alginate-Chitosan Scaffold for Bone Regeneration

“…The antibacterial mechanism of vancomycin is to inhibit the peptidoglycan synthesis pathway of the bacterial cell wall (Garcia-Gonzalez et al, 2018). It can be carried in the scaffold and released for a long time to promote bone tissue regeneration without affecting the activity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (Cheng et al, 2018;Yu et al, 2020;He et al, 2021).…”