&lt;p&gt;The serum concentration of vitamin B&lt;sub&gt;12&lt;/sub&gt; as a biomarker of therapeutic response in tuberculosis patients with and without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection&lt;/p&gt;

Gebremicael, Gebremedhin; Alemayehu, Mihret; Sileshi, Meron; Geto, Zeleke; Gebreegziabxier, Atsbeha; Tefera, Hulumtaye; Ashenafi, Nigat; Tadese, Chere; Wolde, Mistire; Kassa, Desta

doi:10.2147/ijgm.s218799

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This enzyme is involved in Vitamin B12 synthesis, and degradation of amino acids, short-chain fatty acids and cholesterol [72]. Thus, the abundance of this enzyme and MTB's capacity for de novo biosynthesis of vitamin B12 [73], resulting in reports of elevated B12 vitamin in TB patients [74], could account for our observation. The abundance of methylmalonyl-CoA mutase in only TB-DM group is intriguing and could be the body's homeostasis activity [75].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Gut Microbiome Variation in Pulmonary TB Patients with Diabetes or HIV Comorbidities

Morgan

Parbie

Boadu

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: The gut microbiota is known to play critical role in shaping the host immunity, and metabolism and influences the onset and progression of both communicable and non-communicable diseases. This study assessed the gut microbiome of tuberculosis (TB) cases with diabetes mellitus (DM) or HIV comorbidities before anti-TB therapy and after the intensive phase anti-TB therapy. Methods: Ninety cases comprising 60 TB-only, 23 TB-DM, 7 TB-HIV were recruited, among which 35 TB-only, 10 TB-DM, 5 TB-HIV were also sampled after 2 months of anti-TB treatment. Total gut microbiome was detected by 16S rRNA gene sequencing of DNA extracted from collected stool specimen. The taxonomic and functional diversity of the different groups were compared in addition to changes that could occur after 2 months antibiotics use. Results: Compared to the healthy controls, the gut microbiome of all the TB cohorts was characterized by a significant decreased alpha diversity and significant compositional changes. All the three TB cohorts were enriched with inflammatory related microorganisms of the genera Escherichia-shigella, Streptococcus, Enterococcus and Erysipelatoclostridiumwith depletion in beneficial taxa of the genera Faecalibacterium, Bifidobacteriumand Clostridium. In pairwise comparison with the healthy controls, the TB-only cohort were enriched with Streptococcus and Erysipelatoclostridium, the TB-DM enriched with Bacteroides, and TB-HIV enriched with Escherichia-shigella, Dialister and Erysipelatoclostridium. After the intensive phase anti-TB therapy, there was general enrichment of the genera Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG 003, Veillonella and Fusobacterium. Conclusion: Our findings show a dysbiotic gut microbiome and associated increase in the number of inflammation related microorganism in gut of TB individuals with or without comorbidity. Funding: European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (EDCTP) Senior Fellowship to Dorothy Yeboah-Manu (TMA-2017-GSF-1942)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Gut Microbiome Variation in Pulmonary TB Patients with Diabetes or HIV Comorbidities

Morgan

Parbie

Boadu

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Vitamin B12 concentration in the blood could be a biomarker in the identification of active tuberculosis with and without HIV infection, according to a recent study. Detecting the concentration level of these micronutrients in HIV-uninfected patients could be used as a TB treatment response monitoring biomarker [ 40 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Role of Vitamins A, B, C, D and E in TB Treatment and Prevention: A Narrative Review

et al. 2021

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(1) Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the world’s top infectious killers, in fact every year 10 million people fall ill with TB and 1.5 million people die from TB. Vitamins have an important role in vital functions, due to their anti-oxidant, pro-oxidant, anti-inflammatory effects and to metabolic functions. The aim of this review is to discuss and summarize the evidence and still open questions regarding vitamin supplementation as a prophylactic measure in those who are at high risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection and active TB; (2) Methods: We conducted a search on PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and WHO websites starting from March 1950 to September 2021, in order to identify articles discussing the role of Vitamins A, B, C, D and E and Tuberculosis; (3) Results: Supplementation with multiple micronutrients (including zinc) rather than vitamin A alone may be more beneficial in TB. The WHO recommend Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) when high-dose isoniazid is administered. High concentrations of vitamin C sterilize drug-susceptible, MDR and extensively drug-resistant MTB cultures and prevent the emergence of drug persisters; Vitamin D suppresses the replication of mycobacterium in vitro while VE showed a promising role in TB management as a result of its connection with oxidative balance; (4) Conclusions: Our review suggests and encourages the use of vitamins in TB patients. In fact, their use may improve outcomes by helping both nutritionally and by interacting directly and/or indirectly with MTB. Several and more comprehensive trials are needed to reinforce these suggestions.

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“…The cobN gene encodes a critical protein for the synthesis of vitamin B12, which is essential for MTB proliferation and disease progression (Savvi et al, 2008). Gebremicael et al (Gebremicael et al, 2019) suggested that the serum concentration of vitamin B12 might be used as a diagnostic biomarker for active TB. Some of the mutations associated with poor outcomes were found in genes of unknown function, such as Rv2164c, Rv0648 and Rv3148 , but if their association with treatment outcomes is confirmed in subsequent studies, they might be worth further investigation (Figure 2−figure supplement 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mutational signatures of poor treatment outcomes on the drug-susceptibleMycobacterium tuberculosisgenome

Chen

Jing

Mijiti

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Drug resistance is a known risk factor for poor tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes, but the contribution of other bacterial factors to poor outcomes in drug susceptible TB is less understood. Here, we generate a population-based dataset of drug-susceptibleMycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB) isolates from China to identify factors associated with poor treatment outcomes. We sequenced the whole genome of 3496 MTB strains and linked genomes to patient epidemiological data. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed to identify bacterial genomic variants associated with poor outcomes. Risk factors identified by logistic regression analysis were used in clinical models to predict treatment outcomes and their associations were assessed with structural equation models (SEM). GWAS identified fourteen MTB variants (24.2% vs 7.5%, P<0.001) and ade novoreactive oxygen species (ROS) mutational signature (26.3%±18.2% vs 22.9%±13.8%, P=0.027) that were more frequent in patients with poor treatment outcomes. Patient age, sex, and duration of diagnostic delay were also independently associated with poor outcomes. The best clinical prediction model, with an AUC of 0.74, incorporates both host and bacterial risk factors, and host factors are more important. Together, our results reveal that although host factors are the most important determinants for poor treatment outcomes, the genomic characteristics of the infecting MTB strain may also contribute significantly to poor treatment outcomes. Fourteen genetic variants were statistically associated with poor TB treatment outcomes, but the optimal model for predicting treatment outcomes includes both patient characteristics and bacterial genomic determinants.

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<p>The serum concentration of vitamin B<sub>12</sub> as a biomarker of therapeutic response in tuberculosis patients with and without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection</p>

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

Gut Microbiome Variation in Pulmonary TB Patients with Diabetes or HIV Comorbidities

Gut Microbiome Variation in Pulmonary TB Patients with Diabetes or HIV Comorbidities

Potential Role of Vitamins A, B, C, D and E in TB Treatment and Prevention: A Narrative Review

The mutational signatures of poor treatment outcomes on the drug-susceptibleMycobacterium tuberculosisgenome

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